Skip to main content
Download PDF
Download ePub

Psychometric properties of self-reported measures of health-related quality of life in people living with HIV: a systematic review

Health and Quality of Life Outcomes volume 20, Article number: 5 (2022) Cite this article

Abstract

Objective

To identify and assess the psychometric properties of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people living with HIV (PLWH).

Methods

Nine databases were searched from January 1996 to October 2020. Methodological quality was assessed by using the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) Risk of Bias Checklist. We used the COSMIN criteria to summarize and rate the psychometric properties of each PROM. A modified Grading, Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system was used to assess the certainty of evidence.

Results

Sixty-nine studies reported on the psychometric properties of 30 identified instruments. All studies were considered to have adequate methodological quality in terms of content validity, construct validity, and internal consistency. Limited information was retrieved on cross-cultural validity, criterion validity, reliability, hypothesis testing, and responsiveness. High-quality evidence on psychometric properties was provided for the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey (MOS-HIV), the brief version of the World Health Organization's Quality of Life Instrument in HIV Infection (WHOQoL-HIV-BREF), 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), Multidimensional Quality of Life Questionnaire for Persons with HIV/AIDS (MQoL-HIV), and WHOQoL-HIV.

Conclusions

The findings from the included studies highlighted that among HIV-specific and generic HRQoL PROMs, MOS-HIV, WHOQoL-HIV-BREF, SF-36, MQoL-HIV, and WHOQoL-HIV are strongly recommended to evaluate HRQoL in PLWH in research and clinics based on the specific aims of assessments and the response burden for participants.

Introduction

With the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART), the life expectancy of PLWH has been prolonged. However, HIV, ART, infectious diseases, comorbidities, and premature aging pose challenges to the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of PLWH. HRQoL can be defined as one’s perceived functioning in the physical, emotional, psychological, and social domains of health [1]. Alternatively, HRQoL was defined by Torrance as a concept incorporating factors that are part of an individual’s health [2]. HRQoL is currently regarded as a health aspect of quality of life (QoL); nonhealth aspects, including economic and political circumstances, are not included in HRQoL. Achieving a high level of HRQoL has become an important issue and a component of HIV/AIDS care [3]. In 2016, Lazarus and colleagues proposed adding a fourth “90” to the existing “90–90–90” target [4, 5]. The fourth 90% target is 90% of PLWH with viral load suppression to have good HRQoL. According to the World Health Organization's 90–90–90–90 goals, improving the HRQoL of PLWH is the ultimate goal of HIV/AIDS treatment and care [6, 7]. However, which measures are the most suitable is still under debate.

Many HIV-specific and generic HRQoL patient-reported outcome measures have been validated in different contexts. As one of the earliest HIV-specific HRQoL PROMs, MOS-HIV is the most commonly used measure [8]. The MOS-HIV consists of 35 items and 10 dimensions, including general health perceptions, physical functioning, role functioning, pain, social functioning, mental health, energy, health distress, cognitive functioning, and overall self-rated quality of life. In addition to MOS-HIV, other HIV-specific HRQoL PROMs are also widely used, including the WHOQoL-HIV-BREF [9], Multidimensional Quality of Life Questionnaire for Persons with HIV/AIDS (MQoL-HIV) [10], HIV Disease Quality of Life 31-Item Instrument (HIV-QL31) [11], and Patient-Reported Outcomes Quality of Life–HIV instrument (PROQoL-HIV) [12]. Additionally, validated subscales or scales with over 40 items, such as the World Health Organization Quality of Life-HIV (WHOQoL-HIV) [13], HIV Overview of Problems Evaluation Scale (HOPES) [14], Functional Assessment of HIV Infection (FAHI) [15], HIV/AIDS Targeted Quality of Life (HAT-QoL) [16], and HIV/AIDS Quality of Life Questionnaire (HIV/AIDSQoL) [17], are also used to evaluate HRQoL. In addition to HIV-specific PROMs, some generic PROMs, including the Short Form Health Survey (SF-12, SF-36) [18, 19], EuroQol—5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) [20, 21], World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment (WHOQoL) [22], Medical Outcomes Study Health Survey (MOS) [23], Missoula-Vitas Quality-of-Life Index (MVQOLI) [24], Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) [25], Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI) [26], Quality of Well-Being scale (QWB) [27], and Health Utility Index 3 (HUI3) [28], have been validated and used in the PLWH population globally. The advantage of using generic HRQoL PROMs is that researchers can directly compare the results with those of other groups based on the same problem without standardizing the data. However, for PLWH, generic PROMs may not be as sensitive as specific PROMs assessing HIV-specific dimensions of HRQoL regarding stigma, relationship issues, and comorbidities [29].

A preliminary literature search was conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO (EBSCO), Cochrane Library (Wiley) and JBI (Ovid), and many reviews on measures of HRQoL were found. Cooper et al. [29] briefly summarized PROMs with fewer than 40 items for measuring HRQoL in PLWH and found that the MOS-HIV was the most well-established measure. The WHOQoL-HIV-BREF and PROQoL-HIV were considered to have good psychometric properties and to potentially have more relevance to PLWH than other PROMs. However, the study included only instruments that can be completed within 10 min or that have fewer than 40 items. Additionally, the assessment process of psychometric properties was not systematic enough to provide a concrete conclusion. Clayson et al. [30] conducted reviews with similar aims but in a specific context (in clinical trials and in sub-Saharan Africa) in 2006 and 2010, respectively. Gakhar et al. conducted a nonsystematic review of the literature on quality of life assessment after ART in developed countries in 2013 [31].

However, previous systematic reviews have mainly focused on the content of HRQoL PROMs and have not reported their psychometric properties, which has made it difficult for healthcare professionals to select one of the existing PROMs to evaluate HRQoL in research and clinical practice [29,30,31]. Accurate and reliable PROMs are a prerequisite for obtaining robust results. It is critical to choose an acceptable PROM with good psychometric properties [32]. Therefore, to obtain reliable evidence regarding the psychometric properties of HRQoL PROMs, we conducted a systematic review to identify and assess the psychometric properties of PROMs of HRQoL in PLWH. This conclusion may provide a scientific basis for researchers to choose PROMs for future scientific research and clinical practice measuring HRQoL in PLWH.

Methods

Aims and design

The aim of this study was to identify and assess the psychometric properties of PROMs of HRQoL in PLWH. This systematic review was performed with the guidance of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for systematic review of psychometric properties and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (Additional file 1: PRISMA) statement. The protocol of our review was published in JBI Evidence Synthesis [33].

Search strategy

We conducted a three-step search. First, a limited search was conducted in PubMed to develop search strategies tailored to each database. Second, researchers implemented the search strategies in PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Cochrane Library (Wiley), CNKI, and WanFang. The databases were searched for published studies from 1st January 1996 to 1st May 2020. We set the start point 1996 because ART was first used in 1996. Google Scholar and Baidu Scholar were searched for gray literature. We used MeSH terms ([“HIV” OR “Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome”] AND “Quality of Life”) combined with ([HIV OR AIDS OR “acquired immunodeficiency syndrome”] AND “quality of life” AND “COSMIN search filter”). Additional file 2: Appendix I lists the search strategies used for all databases. Finally, we manually reviewed all references included during the supplemental searches.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria

The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) studies that targeted HIV-positive adults (≥ 18 years old); (2) studies of any types of self-reported measures, including but not limited to, self-management questionnaires that aimed to measure HRQoL among PLWH; (3) validation studies or studies that aimed to develop PROMs or assess one or more measurement properties; and (4) studies published in either English or Chinese. The exclusion criteria included the following: (1) studies that aimed to validate measures assessing only a certain domain of HRQoL related to specific comorbidities or treatment side effects and (2) studies that provided indirect evidence of psychometric properties (e.g., comparing one PROM with another instrument).

Study screening and selection

We imported all references identified in the search into Endnote X8 (Clarivate Analytics, PA, USA). After the removal of duplicates, two researchers (HW & ZY) screened the titles, abstracts, and full texts independently to assess whether the studies met the eligibility criteria. Any discrepancies were resolved by the third researcher (ZZ). The reasons for exclusion of studies at the full-text screening stage were recorded.

Quality appraisal

Two reviewers (HW & ZY) assessed the included studies independently by using the COSMIN Risk of Bias Checklist. When there were discrepancies, a third reviewer (ZZ) was included to resolve them. The COSMIN Risk of Bias Checklist consisted of 10 domains (38 items), including PROM development, content validity, structural validity, hypothesis testing of construct validity, cross-cultural validity/measurement invariance, criterion validity, internal consistency, measurement error, test-test reliability, and responsiveness. The options for each item included “very good”, “adequate”, “doubtful”, and “inadequate quality”. The methodological quality of the study was based on the worst score counts.

Data extraction and synthesis

Two researchers (HW & ZY) independently extracted information, including the author, publication year, country/language, study design, target population, sample size, measurement domains, number of items, and total score range. The main findings regarding psychological properties included construct validity, internal consistency, cross-cultural validity/translation, criterion validity, and reliability. Any discrepancies were discussed between the two researchers.

We used the COSMIN criteria to summarize and rate the psychometric properties of each study regarding structural validity, internal consistency, reliability, measurement error, hypothesis testing for construct validity, cross-cultural validity/measurement invariance, criterion validity, and responsiveness. Each measurement property was rated as sufficient (+), insufficient (−), or indeterminate (?). When data were synthesized and the ratings of each study were consistent, the overall rating of the measurement property was rated as sufficient (+) and insufficient (−). If the ratings of each study were all sufficient (+), the overall rating of the measurement property was rated as sufficient (+). If the ratings of each study were all insufficient (−), the overall rating of the measurement property was rated as insufficient (−). We used narrative synthesis to synthesize the data for each measurement property. If the ratings of each study were inconsistent, we explored possible explanations (e.g., different languages). If the explanation was reasonable, we provided ratings by subgroup. If the explanation was unreasonable, the overall rating of the measurement property was rated as inconsistent (±). If there was no information to support the rating, the overall rating was rated as uncertain (?).

Assessment of the certainty of the evidence

We used a modified Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system to assess the certainty of the evidence. Each piece of evidence was graded for risk of bias, inconsistency, imprecision, and indirectness. Four reviewers (HW, ZY, ZZ, and SH) graded each measurement property and each PROM separately. Discrepancies were resolved by the fifth reviewer (YH). Based on the methodological quality of each psychometric property, four reviewers finally classified the instruments as strongly recommended, weakly recommended and not recommended according to the modified GRADE system. The classification results were verified by all authors.

Results

Literature search

The literature screening and selection process is shown in Fig. 1. In the initial search, a total of 13,371 articles were identified in the databases. Twenty-one articles were found through additional supplementary searches. After the removal of duplicates, a total of 10,097 articles were retained, and 10,028 articles were deleted after the review of the titles, abstracts, and full text. We finally included 69 articles [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28, 34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82]. A total of 30 PROMs were investigated in the included studies.

Fig. 1
figure 1

Flowchart of the identification and selection of studies

Full size image

Study description

Among the 69 included articles, 54 were in English, and 15 were in Chinese; the articles were published from 1996 to 2019. A description of the studies is shown in Table 1. All the included studies were cross-sectional studies. Twenty studies were conducted in China [17, 22, 36,37,38,39,40, 57,58,59,60,61,62, 74, 77,78,79,80,81,82], fourteen in the United States [15, 16, 21, 25,26,27, 35, 42, 64, 65, 67, 72, 73, 75], three in Uganda [24, 41, 46], three in Italy [44, 49, 69], two in Australia [70, 71], two in Vietnam [20, 55], two in Portugal [52, 75], and two in Canada [28, 66]. A total of 28,480 participants were included, with sample sizes ranging from 50 to 1923 [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28, 34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82]. One study was conducted with adult males [35]. Four studies were conducted with HIV-positive women [41, 42, 65, 66]. One study was conducted with HIV-infected patients aged 50 years and older [52], and two studies were conducted with people with advanced AIDS [24, 28]. One study involved transgender male, transgender female, and genderqueer individuals [25]. One study was conducted in patients with HIV-related opportunistic infections [47].

Table 1 Overview of the included studies
Full size table

The characteristics of all 30 HRQoL PROMs, including the items, domains, and score range, are shown in Table 1. The total number of items ranged from 8 to 142 [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28, 34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82]. A total of 10 PROMs had multiple language versions, and the remaining 18 had only one language version. Tables 4 and 5 summarize the psychometric properties of the HIV-specific and generic instruments.

Quality assessment

Methodological quality assessment

Tables 2 and 3 show the methodological quality of the 69 included studies based on the COSMIN checklist. All studies were considered to have sufficient methodological quality for further study. Table 2 presents an overview of the COSMIN ratings of the HIV-specific instruments, and Table 3 presents the generic instruments. Limited information was retrieved on cross cultural validity/translation (58 studies) [11,12,13,14, 16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23, 25,26,27,28, 35,36,37,38,39,40, 42,43,44, 47, 48, 50,51,52,53,54,55,56, 58,59,60,61,62,63,64, 66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82], criterion validity (59 studies) [9,10,11,12, 15,16,17, 19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26, 34, 37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50, 52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67, 69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79, 81, 82], reliability (49 studies) [11, 13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21, 23,24,25,26,27,28, 34,35,36, 38, 39, 41,42,43,44,45,46,47, 49,50,51,52,53,54,55, 57, 59, 62,63,64,65, 68, 69, 72,73,74,75,76], hypothesis testing (18 studies) [11, 16, 17, 34, 38, 39, 41, 53, 61, 67, 68, 71, 77,78,79,80,81,82] and responsiveness (62 studies) [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16, 18,19,20, 22,23,24,25,26,27, 34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45, 47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57, 59,60,61,62,63,64, 66, 68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82]. No data were identified on error and interpretability.

Table 2 Methodological quality assessment of the HIV-specific instruments
Full size table
Table 3 Methodological quality assessment of the generic instruments
Full size table

Quality of measurement properties of assessments

Table 4 presents the quality of the psychometric properties retrieved from the 69 included studies for all 30 measures. Fifteen PROMs were rated as insufficient (-) for content validity [11, 17, 48, 49, 53, 57, 59,60,61, 77,78,79,80,81,82]. There were 19 PROMs [19, 24, 26, 37,38,39,40, 45, 51,52,53,54, 57, 59, 60, 64, 70, 74, 75] rated as sufficient (+) for construct validity, and 31 [10,11,12, 14,15,16,17, 21, 34,35,36, 41, 42, 44, 46,47,48, 50, 53, 55, 56, 58, 59, 67, 68, 76,77,78,79, 81, 82] were rated as insufficient (−). The internal consistency was rated as sufficient (+) for 59 PROMs [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19, 22,23,24,25, 34, 36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49, 51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72, 74, 76,77,78,79,80,81,82] and as insufficient (−) for 4 PROMs [20, 21, 35, 50].

Table 4 Rating of the measurement properties of the instruments
Full size table

Certainty of evidence

Table 5 shows the overall quality score for each measurement property of the HIV-specific and generic instruments. Five PROMs were strongly recommended based on the methodological quality of each psychometric property, including MOS-HIV, WHOQoL-HIV-BREF, SF-36, MQoL-HIV, and WHOQoL-HIV. Among the seven language versions of the MOS-HIV [21, 34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47], six were rated as “high” for internal consistency [21, 34, 35, 41,42,43,44,45,46,47], and one was rated as “moderate” [36,37,38,39,40]. There were three versions rated as “high” for cross-cultural validity/translation [34, 41, 44, 46]. Among the eight versions of the WHOQoL-HIV-BREF [50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61], five were rated as “high” for internal consistency [50,51,52, 54, 56], and one was rated as “moderate” [53]. In total, more studies of the MOS-HIV were rated as “high” than studies of the WHOQoL-HIV-BREF, and more studies of the WHOQoL-HIV-BREF were rated as “very low” than studies of the MOS-HIV.

Table 5 Overall quality score for each measurement property
Full size table

Discussion

This systematic review identified and assessed the psychometric properties of 30 HRQoL PROMs in PLWH and evaluated the certainty of the evidence provided for each PROM. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first and most comprehensive systematic review summarizing all psychometric properties of HRQoL PROMs for PLWH. The results may provide quantitative evidence for researchers and healthcare professionals to choose PROMs measuring HRQoL in PLWH in future scientific research and clinical practice.

Our systematic review found that compared to other HIV-specific and generic PROMs, the MOS-HIV has the best psychometric properties. The MOS-HIV is the most widely used HIV-specific instrument. In total, we searched fourteen validation studies to evaluate the psychometric properties of eight different language versions of MOS-HIV. Chinese included both simplified and traditional versions. Only one version was rated as “moderate” in internal consistency, and the other was rated as “high”. The MOS-HIV also has good construct validity, criterion validity, and hypothesis testing for construct validity. Overall, the expert group classified MOS-HIV as strongly recommended based on the GRADE system. Our results were in line with previous studies. Cooper and colleagues conducted umbrella reviews and found that the MOS-HIV was also recommended as a suitable measure for assessing HRQoL in PLWH from a content perspective [29]. In general, the MOS-HIV was considered to have good psychometric properties. Good internal consistency was generally reported, and its reliability was considered adequate [83, 84]. Acceptable convergent validity and discriminant validity were reported in several reviews [31, 32]. As one of the earliest HIV-specific HRQoL PROMs, MOS-HIV has been translated into at least 14 languages. The reliability and validity of the instrument were likely to decrease in the different translated versions due to their cultural adjustment. For these versions, mixed findings on the hypothesis testing of the MOS-HIV were reported [34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47]. As data on the psychometric properties of many studies were missing or indeterminate, we can draw only preliminary conclusions. More research is needed to fill the gap in the research on the psychometric properties of the existing instruments on HRQoL in PLWH.

Our review found that, in addition to MOS-HIV, the WHOQoL-HIV-BREF was reported to have good psychometric properties. Seven of eight different language versions of the WHOQoL-HIV-BREF were rated as “high” in hypothesis testing for construct validity. The WHOQoL-HIV-BREF was reported to have better reliability and internal consistency than other instruments except the MOS-HIV. Two language versions of the WHOQoL-HIV-BREF were rated as “very low” in internal consistency. Three language versions were rated as “very low”, and two were rated as “moderate” in construct validity. Connell and Skevington published a study to report the development and psychometric properties of the WHOQoL-HIV-BREF [51]. The results showed very good discriminant validity, which suggested the important role of the WHOQoL-HIV-BREF in distinguishing different stages of HIV disease progression [51].

Although the MOS-HIV showed good psychometric properties, a major advantage of the WHOQoL-HIV-BREF is its brevity. It contains only 31 items, and most participants can complete the instrument in 8 min. The WHOQoL-HIV-BREF is increasingly being used in HIV research. From a practical perspective, the MOS-HIV and WHOQoL-HIV-BREF focus on different dimensions and are based on different theoretical perspectives. The MOS-HIV is a multidimensional assessment measure that assesses physical, psychological, and social functioning. The MOS-HIV consists of 35 items across 11 domains: physical functioning, pain, social functioning, role functioning, emotional well-being, energy/fatigue, cognitive function, health distress, health transition, general health, and overall quality of life [8]. The WHOQoL-HIV-BREF has 31 items across six domains: physical functioning, psychological functioning, levels of independence, social relationships, environment, and spirituality [9].

The SF-36 is an internationally used generic instrument that can provide a comprehensive assessment of HRQoL in various populations. Although the SF-36 is also widely used in PLWH, only four validation studies were found in PLWH [19, 72,73,74]. The number of validation studies of different language versions was fewer than that of WHOQoL-HIV-BREF and MOS-HIV. From a global perspective, a better PROM should report decent psychometric properties in all language versions. Future studies are warranted to conduct validation studies evaluating the psychometric properties of the SF-36 in PLWH in various contexts. In addition, other aspects, such as scoring methods and content of items, may also restrict the wide usage of PLWH [85, 86]. Skevington et al. concluded that the SF-36 includes several different scoring scales and response options, which may complicate scoring and thus limit the widespread clinical use of the SF-36 [85]. Abbasi-Ghahramanloo et al. showed that the SF-36 may lack the ability to measure self-reported subjective HRQoL [86].

This study strongly recommends four HIV-specific and one generic PROM. Generic PROMs can be used to measure the HRQoL of general or HIV-infected populations. However, they may lack the sensitivity to detect subtle changes specific to PLWH, including stigma, relationship issues, and comorbidities [87]. HIV-specific PROMs are more closely related to the disease than generic PROMs and have the sensitivity and specificity needed for HIV-specific domains. Nonetheless, they are not conducive to use in comparisons across populations [88, 89]. It is highly recommended that when selecting instruments, researchers need to consider more aspects, including psychometric properties, instrument content coverage, ease of use, and scoring methods. Therefore, the choice of PROMs should be based on the specific aims of assessments and the response burden for participants.

Overall, we acknowledge that there are some limitations to this study. First, this study included only articles published in English or Chinese. Therefore, some studies published in other languages may not have been included, which may have affected the conclusions of this review. Second, we included only studies that aimed to evaluate the measurement properties of PROMs in PLWH. Some cross-sectional studies that aimed to explore the level of HRQoL in PLWH also reported the reliability and validity of PROMs. These types of studies were not included in this study. Third, we included four PROMs in Chinese that did not report a specific name. We used “unknown” to describe the names of these PROMs in all tables.

Conclusions

This systematic review identified and described the psychometric properties of 30 instruments and 69 studies. The findings from the included studies highlighted that compared to other HIV-specific and generic HRQoL PROMs, the MOS-HIV had the best psychometric properties and could be recommended as the most suitable for use in research and clinics. We also strongly recommended using WHOQoL-HIV-BREF, SF-36, MQoL-HIV, and WHOQoL-HIV to evaluate HRQoL in PLWH. We suggest that the choice of PROMs should be based on the specific aims of assessments and the response burden for participants.

Availability of data and materials

Not applicable.

Abbreviations

ART:

Antiretroviral therapy

COSMIN:

Consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments

EQ-5D:

EuroQol-5 dimensions

EUROHIS-QoL-8:

European health interview surveys-quality of life-8

FAHI:

Functional assessment of HIV infection

HAT-QoL:

HIV/AIDS targeted quality of life

GRADE:

Grading, recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation

HAQ-DI:

Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index

HIV-QL31:

HIV disease quality of life 31-item instrument

HIV/AIDSQoL:

HIV/AIDS quality of life questionnaire

HOPES:

HIV Overview of Problems Evaluation Scale

HRQoL:

Health-related quality of life

HUI3:

Health Utility Index 3

ISSQoL:

The Italian National Institute of Health Quality of Life

MQoL-HIV:

Multidimensional quality of life questionnaire for persons with HIV/AIDS

MOS:

Medical outcomes study

MOS-HIV:

Medical outcomes study HIV health survey

MVQoLI:

Missoula-Vitas Quality-of-Life Index

PLWH:

People living with HIV

PROM:

Patient-reported outcome measure

PROMIS:

Patient-reported outcomes measurement information system

PROQoL-HIV:

Patient-reported outcomes quality of life-HIV instrument

QWB:

Quality of well-being scale

SF:

Short form health survey

WHOQoL:

World Health Organization’s Quality of Life

WHOQoL-BREF:

The brief version of the World Health Organization’s Quality of Life

WHOQoL-HIV:

World Health Organization’s Quality of Life Instrument in HIV Infection

WHOQoL-HIV-BREF:

The brief version of the World Health Organization’s Quality of Life Instrument in HIV Infection

References

  1. Hays RD, Reeve BB. Measurement and modeling of health-related quality of life. In: Killewo J, Heggenhougen HK, Quah SR, editors. International Encyclopedia of public health. 2nd ed. San Diego: Academic Press; 2017.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Torrance GW. Utility approach to measuring health-related quality of life. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40(6):593–600.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Jang HJ, Satre DD, Leyden W, Leibowitz A, Silverberg MJ. Mental and physical quality of life by age groups in people living with HIV. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2019;30(5):500–10.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Lazarus JV, Safreed-Harmon K, Barton SE, Costagliola D, Dedes N, del Amo VJ, et al. Beyond viral suppression of HIV–the new quality of life frontier. BMC Med. 2016;14(1):94–8.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Webster P. UNAIDS survey aligns with so-called fourth 90 for HIV/AIDS. Lancet. 2019;393(10187):2188.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. The Lancet HIV. Living well with HIV. Lancet HIV. 2019;6(12):e807.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Kall M, Marcellin F, Harding R, Lazarus JV, Carrieri P. Patient-reported outcomes to enhance person-centred HIV care. Lancet HIV. 2019;7(1):e59–68.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Wu AW, Revicki DA, Jacobson D, Malitz FE. Evidence for reliability, validity and usefulness of the medical outcomes study HIV health survey (MOS-HIV). Qual Life Res. 1997;6(6):481–93.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Saddki N, Noor MM, Norbanee TH, et al. Validity and reliability of the Malay version of WHOQOL-HIV BREF in patients with HIV infection. AIDS Care. 2009;21(10):1271–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Kemmler G, Schmied B, Shetty-Lee A, et al. Quality of life of HIV-infected patients: psychometric properties and validation of the German version of the MQOL-HIV. Qual Life Res. 2003;12(8):1037–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Leplège A, Rude N, Ecosse E, Ceinos R, Dohin E, Pouchot J. Measuring quality of life from the point of view of HIV-positive subjects: the HIV-QL31. Qual Life Res. 1997;6(6):585–94.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Duracinsky M, Lalanne C, Le Coeur S, et al. Psychometric validation of the PROQOL-HIV questionnaire, a new health-related quality of life instrument-specific to HIV disease. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2012;59(5):506–15.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. O’Connell K, Skevington S, Saxena S, WHOQOL HIV Group. Preliminary development of the World Health Organsiation’s Quality of Life HIV instrument (WHOQOL-HIV): analysis of the pilot version. Soc Sci Med. 2003;57(7):1259–75.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. De Boer JB, Sprangers MA, Aaronson NK, Lange JM, van Dam FS. A study of the reliability, validity and responsiveness of the HIV overview of problems evaluation system (HOPES) in assessing the quality of life of patients with AIDS and symptomatic HIV infection. Qual Life Res. 1996;5(3):339–47.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Peterman AH, Cella D, Mo F, McCain N. Psychometric validation of the revised Functional Assessment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection (FAHI) quality of life instrument. Qual Life Res. 1997;6(6):572–84.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Holmes WC, Shea JA. Performance of a new, HIV/AIDS-targeted quality of life (HAT-QoL) instrument in asymptomatic seropositive individuals. Qual Life Res. 1997;6(6):561–71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Zhang ML, Wei JY, Wu YM, et al. Evaluation of HIV/AIDS qol-46. Chin Med Res. 2009;22(011):10–3.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Patel AR, Lester RT, Marra CA, et al. The validity of the SF-12 and SF-6D instruments in people living with HIV/AIDS in Kenya. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2017;15(1):143.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. Lins-Kusterer L, Valdelamar J, Aguiar CVN, Menezes MS, Netto EM, Brites C. Validity and reliability of the 36-item short form health survey questionnaire version 2 among people living with HIV in Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis. 2019;23(5):313–21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Tran BX, Ohinmaa A, Nguyen LT. Quality of life profile and psychometric properties of the EQ-5D-5L in HIV/AIDS patients. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2012;10:132.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  21. Wu AW, Jacobson KL, Frick KD, et al. Validity and responsiveness of the euroqol as a measure of health-related quality of life in people enrolled in an AIDS clinical trial. Qual Life Res. 2002;11(3):273–82.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Fang CT, Hsiung PC, Yu CF, Chen MY, Wang JD. Validation of the World Health Organization quality of life instrument in patients with HIV infection. Qual Life Res. 2002;11(8):753–62.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Kohli RM, Sane S, Kumar K, Paranjape RS, Mehendale SM. Modification of medical outcome study (MOS) instrument for quality of life assessment & its validation in HIV infected individuals in India. Indian J Med Res. 2005;122(4):297–304.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Namisango E, Katabira E, Karamagi C, Baguma P. Validation of the Missoula-Vitas Quality-of-Life Index among patients with advanced AIDS in urban Kampala, Uganda. J Pain Symptom Manag. 2007;33(2):189–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Schnall R, Liu J, Cho H, Hirshfield S, Siegel K, Olender S. A Health-related quality-of-life measure for use in patients with HIV: a validation study. AIDS Patient Care STDs. 2017;31:43–8.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  26. Sousa KH, Kwok OM, Ryu E, Cook SW. Confirmation of the validity of the HAQ-DI in two populations living with chronic illnesses. J Nurs Meas. 2008;16(1):31–42.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Kaplan RM, Patterson TL, Kerner DN, Atkinson JH, Heaton RK, Grant I. The quality of well-being scale in asymptomatic HIV-infected patients. HNRC Group. HIV Neural Behavioral Research Center. Qual Life Res. 1997;6(6):507–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Nosyk B, Sun H, Bansback N, et al. The concurrent validity and responsiveness of the health utilities index (HUI 3) among patients with advanced HIV/AIDS. Qual Life Res. 2009;18(7):815–24.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Cooper V, Clatworthy J, Harding R, Whetham J, Emerge Consortium. Measuring quality of life among people living with HIV: a systematic review of reviews. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2017;15(1):220–39.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  30. Clayson DJ, Wild DJ, Quarterman P, Duprat-Lomon I, Kubin M, Coons SJA. A comparative review of health-related quality-of-life measures for use in HIV/AIDS clinical trials. Pharmacoeconomics. 2006;24(8):751–65.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Gakhar H, Kamali A, Holodniy M. Health-related quality of life assessment after antiretroviral therapy: a review of the literature. Drugs. 2013;73(7):651–72.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  32. Prinsen CAC, Vohra S, Rose MR, Al E. How to select outcome measurement instruments for outcomes included in a “core outcome set”: a practical guideline. Trials. 2016;17(1):449–58.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  33. Yang Z, Zhu Z, Wen H, et al. Psychometric properties of self-reported measures of health-related quality of life in people living with HIV: a systematic review protocol. JBI Evid Synth. 2021;19(10):2829–38.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Stasinopoulou PG, Tzavara C, Dimitrakaki C, et al. Reliability and validity of the Greek translation of the MOS-HIV health survey in HIV-infected individuals. Qual Life Res. 2010;19(2):199–205.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Hughes TE, Kaplan RM, Coons SJ, Draugalis JR, Johnson JA, Patterson TL. Construct validities of the quality of well-being scale and the MOS-HIV-34 Health Survey for HIV-infected patients. Med Decis Mak. 1997;17(4):439–46.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Lau JT, Tsui HY, Patrick LC, Rita CW, Molassiotis A. Validation of a Chinese version of the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey (MOS-HIV) among Chinese people living with HIV/AIDS in Hong Kong. Qual Life Res. 2006;15(6):1079–89.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Liu J, Zhu Y, Qu B. Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey (MOS-HIV) in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in China. PLoS ONE. 2018;13(7):e0201177.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  38. Dong XJ, Lou LQ, Chen L, et al. Reliability and validity analysis of Chinese version of MOS-HIV scale. China Health Stat. 2015;32(4):619–620623.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Yang F, Liu Q, Jia WD, et al. Reliability and validity of MOS-HIV scale. China Public Health. 2007;23(8):981–2.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Yu D, Liu M, Ming ZQ. Translation and revision of simplified Chinese version of MOS-HIV scale and evaluation of its reliability and validity. AIDS STD China. 2008;14(5):454–6.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Mast TC, Kigozi G, Wabwire-Mangen F, et al. Measuring quality of life among HIV-infected women using a culturally adapted questionnaire in Rakai district, Uganda. AIDS Care. 2004;16(1):81–94.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. McDonnell KA, Gielen AC, Wu AW, O’Campo P, Faden R. Measuring health related quality of life among women living with HIV. Qual Life Res. 2000;9(8):931–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Paton NI, Chapman CA, Chan SP, et al. Validation of the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey as a measure of quality of life in HIV-infected patients in Singapore. Int J STD AIDS. 2002;13(7):456–61.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Schifano P, Borgia P, Wu AW, Spadea T, Milanese G, Perucci CA. Validity and reliability of the Italian translation of the MOS-HIV health survey in persons with AIDS. Qual Life Res. 2003;12(8):1137–46.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Shim EJ, Ha H, Lee SH, et al. Psychometric properties of the Korean version of the medical outcomes study HIV health survey: results from a multicenter survey in Korea. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2018;16(1):92.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  46. Stangl AL, Bunnell R, Wamai N, Masaba H, Mermin J. Measuring quality of life in rural Uganda: reliability and validity of summary scores from the medical outcomes study HIV health survey (MOS-HIV). Qual Life Res. 2012;21(9):1655–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Taylor TN, Dolezal C, Tross S, Holmes WC. Reliability and validity of two HIV/AIDS-specific quality of life instruments adapted for use in HIV-positive Zimbabweans. AIDS Care. 2009;21(5):598–607.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  48. Reychler G, Caty G, Vincent A, Billo S, Yombi JC. Validation of the French version of the World Health Organization quality of life HIV instrument. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(9):e73180.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  49. Starace F, Cafaro L, Abrescia N, et al. Quality of life assessment in HIV-positive persons: application and validation of the WHOQOL-HIV, Italian version. AIDS Care. 2002;14(3):405–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Meemon N, Paek SC, Yenchai D, Wan TT. Application of the WHOQOL-HIV-BREF questionnaire in HIV-infected Thai patients: reliability and validity of the instrument. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2016;27(5):698–708.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. O’Connell KA, Skevington SM. An international quality of life instrument to assess wellbeing in adults who are HIV-positive: a short form of the WHOQOL-HIV (31 items). AIDS Behav. 2012;16(2):452–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Pereira M, Martins A, Alves S, Canavarro MC. Assessing quality of life in middle-aged and older adults with HIV: psychometric testing of the WHOQOL-HIV-Bref. Qual Life Res. 2014;23(9):2473–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Salehi M, Niroumand S, Erfanian MR, Sajjadi RB, Dadgarmoghaddam M. Validation of Persian version of WHOQOL-HIV BREF questionnaire in Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J. 2016;22(9):647–53.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Tesfaye M, Olsen MF, Medhin G, Friis H, Hanlon C, Holm L. Adaptation and validation of the short version WHOQOL-HIV in Ethiopia. Int J Ment Health Syst. 2016;10:29.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  55. Tran BX. Quality of life outcomes of antiretroviral treatment for HIV/AIDS patients in Vietnam. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(7):e41062.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  56. Ahmed A, Saqlain M, Akhtar N, Hashmi FK, Blebil A, Dujaili J, Umair MM, Bukhsh A. Psychometric assessment of translated Urdu version of WHOQOL-HIV BREF among patients living with HIV. 2020.

  57. Hsiung PC, Fang CT, Wu CH, et al. Validation of the WHOQOL-HIV BREF among HIV-infected patients in Taiwan. AIDS Care. 2011;23(8):1035–42.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Zhu Y, Liu J, Qu B. Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the WHOQOL-HIV BREF to assess quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2017;7(8):e016382.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  59. Cai NQ, Xu DL, Hao YT. Revision of Chinese version of WHOQOL-HIV BREF and assessment of psychometric properties. Annual meeting of Chinese health statistics. 2011.

  60. Chen XL, Jia WD, Cen YW, et al. Reliability and validity of WHOQOL-HIV BREF for AIDS patients. China AIDS STD. 2010;3:239–42.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Luo X, Lei XB, Tian L, Liu LJ, Pan DM, Lian DY. Evaluation of reliability and validity of Chinese version of World Health Organization Quality of life for HIV/AIDS patients. Infect Dis Inform. 2014;5:289–91.

    Google Scholar 

  62. Liu WM, Wang J, Liu BY, et al. Technical report on the localization of WHOQOL-HIV. Clinical Epidemiology Branch of Chinese Medical Association. In: Proceedings of the 10th annual meeting of clinical epidemiology of Chinese Medical Association and the 2nd World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies clinical efficacy evaluation Symposium. 2008. p. 125–128.

  63. Akinboro AO, Akinyemi SO, Olaitan PB, et al. Quality of life of Nigerians living with human immunodeficiency virus. Pan Afr Med J. 2014;18:234.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  64. Thompson HM, Reisner SL, VanKim N, Raymond HF. Quality-of-life measurement: assessing the WHOQOL-BREF scale in a sample of High-HIV-risk transgender women in San Francisco, California. Int J Transgend. 2015;16(1):36–48.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Smith MY, Feldman J, Kelly P, DeHovitz JA, Chirgwin K, Minkoff H. Health-related quality of life of HIV-infected women: evidence for the reliability, validity and responsiveness of the medical outcomes study short-form 20. Qual Life Res. 1996;5(1):47–55.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Remple VP, Hilton BA, Ratner PA, Burdge DR. Psychometric assessment of the multidimensional quality of life questionnaire for persons with HIV/AIDS (MQOL-HIV) in a sample of HIV-infected women. Qual Life Res. 2004;13(5):947–57.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Smith KW, Avis NE, Mayer KH, Swislow L. Use of the MQoL-HIV with asymptomatic HIV-positive patients. Qual Life Res. 1997;6(6):555–60.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Watanabe M, Nishimura K, Inoue T, Kimura S, Oka S. QoL Research Group of the AIDS Clinical Centre and Eight Regional AIDS Treatment Hospitals in Japan. A discriminative study of health-related quality of life assessment in HIV-1-infected persons living in Japan using the Multidimensional Quality of Life Questionnaire for persons with HIV/AIDS. Int J STD AIDS. 2004;15(2):107–15.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Bucciardini R, Murri R, Guarinieri M, et al. ISSQoL: a new questionnaire for evaluating the quality of life of people living with HIV in the HAART era. Qual Life Res. 2006;15(3):377–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Brown G, Mikołajczak G, Lyons A, et al. Development and validation of PozQoL: a scale to assess quality of life of PLHIV. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):527.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  71. Herrmann S, McKinnon E, Hyland NB, et al. HIV-related stigma and physical symptoms have a persistent influence on health-related quality of life in Australians with HIV infection. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2013;11:56.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  72. Riley ED, Bangsberg DR, Perry S, Clark RA, Moss AR, Wu AW. Reliability and validity of the SF-36 in HIV-infected homeless and marginally housed individuals. Qual Life Res. 2003;12(8):1051–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Turner-Bowker DM, Saris-Baglama RN, DeRosa MA, Giovannetti ER, Jensen RE, Wu AW. A computerized adaptive version of the SF-36 is feasible for clinic and Internet administration in adults with HIV. AIDS Care. 2012;24(7):886–96.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Zhang S. Study on quality of life and influencing factors of HIV/AIDS patients. Changsha: Central South University; 2011.

    Google Scholar 

  75. Pereira M, Canavarro MC. Reliability and validity of the European Portuguese version of the quality of life index EUROHIS-QOL-8 in HIV-infected patients. Rev Port Saúde Pública. 2015;33(2):183–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  76. Holmes WC, Shea JA. Two approaches to measuring quality of life in the HIV/AIDS population: HAT-QoL and MOS-HIV. Qual Life Res. 1999;8(6):515–27.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Xiang FM, Li G, Chen XJ, et al. Establishment and evaluation of AIDS quality of life scale. In: Symposium on prevention and treatment of AIDS and 2006 annual meeting of Chinese society of traditional Chinese medicine. 2006.

  78. Xiang FM. A research on questionnaire of quality of life with patients living with HIV/AIDS in China. Guangzhou: Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. 2005.

  79. Xiang FM, Li G, Chen XJ, et al. Comparative study on psychological characteristics of self-made quality of life scale and MOS-HIV scale. In: Symposium on prevention and treatment of AIDS and 2006 annual meeting of Chinese society of traditional Chinese medicine. Guangzhou. 2006.

  80. Meng YJ, Li NX, Chen JH, Song YC, Qian ZH. Development of a quality of life measure specific for Chinese people living with HIV/AIDS. China Epidemiol. 2007;28(11):1081–4.

    Google Scholar 

  81. Su FJ. Development of quality of life scale for HIV/AIDS patients. Henan: Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 2007.

  82. Guo XX, Zhang ML, Xu LR, et al. Preliminary development of HIV/AIDS quality of life scale. In: International symposium on prevention and treatment of AIDS. Chinese society of traditional Chinese medicine. 2007.

  83. Davis EA, Pathak DS. Psychometric evaluation of four HIV disease-specific quality-of-life instruments. Ann Pharmacother. 2001;35(5):546–52.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Carabin H, Sonleitner NK, Keesee M, Shinault K. Quality of life measurement tools for people living with HIV/AIDS. J HIV/AIDS Soc Serv. 2008;7(1):71–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. Skevington SM, Carse MS, Williams A. Validation of the WHOQOL-100: pain management improves quality of life for chronic pain patients. Clin J Pain. 2001;17(3):264–75.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Abbasi-Ghahramanloo A, Soltani-Kermanshahi M, Mansori K, et al. Comparison of SF-36 and WHOQoL-BREF in measuring quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. Int J Gen Med. 2020;13:497–506.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  87. O’Brien N, Chi YL, Krause KR. Measuring Health outcomes in HIV: time to bring in the patient experience. Ann Glob Health. 2021;87(1):2.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  88. von Steinbuechel N, Covic A, Polinder S, et al. Assessment of health-related quality of life after TBI: comparison of a disease-specific (QOLIBRI) with a generic (SF-36) instrument. Behav Neurol. 2016;2016:7928014.

    Google Scholar 

  89. Pequeno NP, de Araújo Cabral NL, Marchioni DM, Lima SC, de Oliveira LC. Quality of life assessment instruments for adults: a systematic review of population-based studies. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2020;18(1):1–3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Not applicable.

Funding

This work is supported by the Ministry of Education of Humanities and Social Science Project (20YJCZH254), Shanghai Soft Science Research Program (72104051), Shanghai Sailing Program (20YF1401800), China Medical Board Open Competition Program (#20-372), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (72104051). The funders had no involvement in or influence on this systematic review.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Zheng Zhu and Yan Hu contributed equally to this study as corresponding authors

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fudan University School of Public Health, Shanghai, China

    Huan Wen

  2. School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Zhongfang Yang, Zheng Zhu & Yan Hu

  3. Fudan University Centre for Evidence-Based Nursing: A Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, 305 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China

    Zhongfang Yang, Zheng Zhu & Yan Hu

  4. Peking University School of Nursing, Beijing, China

    Shuyu Han

  5. Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai, China

    Lin Zhang

Authors
  1. Huan Wen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zhongfang Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Zheng Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Shuyu Han
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Lin Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Yan Hu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Performed the search, provided initial tables, and wrote the original draft version. HW; critically evaluated the manuscript and tables, project administration, ZZ; supervised the literature search, helped in writing, ZY; writing-reviewing and editing, SH, YH, LZ. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Zheng Zhu or Yan Hu.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent for publication

All participants provided written informed consent to publication.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Additional file 1.

Searching Strategies and Results.

Additional file 2.

PRISMA 2020 Checklist.

Rights and permissions

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Wen, H., Yang, Z., Zhu, Z. et al. Psychometric properties of self-reported measures of health-related quality of life in people living with HIV: a systematic review. Health Qual Life Outcomes 20, 5 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-021-01910-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-021-01910-w

Keywords

Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

ISSN: 1477-7525

Contact us