The impact of an exercise program on quality of life in older breast cancer survivors undergoing aromatase inhibitor therapy: a randomized controlled trial

Table 3 Comparison between cancer survivors exercise group and cancer survivors control group in the global health status and functional scales - EORTC QLQ C30 from baseline to nine months of combined training

Variables	Exercise Group (N = 18)				Control Group (N = 18)				Time p	Group p	Time x group interaction p	Effect size Cohen’d
Variables	Baseline Mean ± SD	3 month Mean ± SD	6 months Mean ± SD	9 month Mean ± SD	Baseline Mean ± SD	3 month Mean ± SD	6 month Mean ± SD	9 month Mean ± SD	Time p	Group p	Time x group interaction p	Effect size Cohen’d
Physical functioning	76.9 ± 10.3	92.9 ± 4.9	95.2 ± 6.9	94.9 ± 5.5	70.2 ± 15.2	75.1 ± 18.4	78.7 ± 16.1	82.2 ± 9.3	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.14	1.66
Role functioning	71.6 ± 25.5	96.1 ± 9.3*^a	94.1 ± 13.1^a	99.9 ± 24.6*^a	66.6 ± 19.9	73.3 ± 19.7	85.6 ± 16.5^a	72.2 ± 26.4	< 0.001	0.02	0.01	1.05
Emotional functioning	64.7 ± 20.1	84.8 ± 23.2	82.3 ± 19.7	85.3 ± 10.8	60.5 ± 27.7	67.2 ± 24.1	73.3 ± 25.2	71.1 ± 23.5	0.006	0.02	0.56	0.78
Cognitive functioning	70.6 ± 30.9	91.2 ± 13.3	83.3 ± 18.6	75.5 ± 20.5	70.0 ± 24.5	75.6 ± 22.5	84.4 ± 19.3	68.9 ± 25.1	0.008	0.29	0.33	0.29
Social functioning	88.2 ± 21.1	99.0 ± 4.1	99.8 ± 4.5	98.2 ± 8.1	82.2 ± 11.7	86.7 ± 21.0	87.8 ± 16.1	87.8 ± 9.8	0.01	0.004	0.59	1.14
Global health status	70.6 ± 14.1	84.4 ± 9.8	91.6 ± 10.4	86.5 ± 13.3	66.6 ± 15.2	68.1 ± 15.2	76.6 ± 14.8	73.8 ± 11.1	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.24	1.04

Note: Post hoc analysis time x group interaction: * = statistically significant difference between groups and ^a = Bonferroni’s post hoc with p < 0.05 compared to baseline. Values expressed as mean and standard deviation

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