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Table 1 Mean utility scores among different socio-economic and clinical groups of cancer patients seeking outpatient treatment in India

From: Health-related quality of life and its determinants among cancer patients: evidence from 12,148 patients of Indian database

Sociodemographic Category

Sample size

Mean HRQoL score

VAS Score

N (%)

Mean (95%CIs)

p-value*

Mean (95%CIs)

p-value*

Age groups (in years)

     

0–15

312 (2.9%)

0.593 (0.548,0.639)

< 0.001

60.24 (58.22,62.26)

< 0.001

16–30

754 (7.1%)

0.728 (0.706,0.75)

65.66 (64.26,67.06)

31–45

2566 (24.1%)

0.673 (0.659,0.686)

64.48 (63.77,65.19)

45–60

4317 (40.6%)

0.632 (0.621,0.643)

63.66 (63.16,64.16)

Above 60

2688 (25.3%)

0.563 (0.548,0.578)

62.39 (61.75,63.02)

Gender

     

Male

5050 (47.5%)

0.607 (0.597,0.617)

< 0.001

62.39 (61.92,62.86)

< 0.001

Female

5587 (52.5%)

0.651 (0.642,0.66)

64.65 (64.19,65.11)

Area of Residence

     

Urban

3464 (32.6%)

0.686 (0.674,0.697)

< 0.001

66.08 (65.44,66.71)

< 0.001

Rural

6997 (65.8%)

0.605 (0.597,0.614)

62.27 (61.88,62.65)

Slum

175 (1.6%)

0.52 (0.456,0.584)

66.47 (63.99,68.95)

Education

     

No education

2455 (23.1%)

0.529 (0.513,0.545)

< 0.001

61.05 (60.39,61.7)

< 0.001

Primary & Middle

3806 (35.8%)

0.622 (0.611,0.633)

62.67 (62.14,63.2)

Up to Senior Secondary

3117 (29.3%)

0.681 (0.67,0.693)

64.84 (64.22,65.46)

Graduation & above

1259 (11.8%)

0.724 (0.706,0.742)

68.12 (67.07,69.18)

Wealth Quintile

     

Poorest

2112 (19.9%)

0.725 (0.712,0.737)

< 0.001

63.82 (63.04,64.6)

0.26

Poor

2027 (19.1%)

0.692 (0.677,0.706)

63.08 (62.29,63.88)

Middle

2175 (20.4%)

0.606 (0.591,0.622)

64.09 (63.4,64.78)

Rich

2249 (21.1%)

0.548 (0.532,0.564)

63.17 (62.5,63.83)

Richest

2073 (19.5%)

0.587 (0.57,0.604)

63.71 (62.94,64.49)

Marital Status

     

Unmarried

904 (8.5%)

0.688 (0.665,0.71)

< 0.001

64.17 (62.92,65.42)

0.196

Married

8541 (80.3%)

0.633 (0.626,0.641)

63.62 (63.25,63.99)

Separated/Divorced

53 (0.5%)

0.644 (0.562,0.727)

65.63 (61.59,69.66)

Widow/Widower

1138 (10.7%)

0.559 (0.537,0.581)

62.71 (61.8,63.62)

Type of Cancer

     

Solid

9020 (86.7%)

0.629 (0.622,0.637)

< 0.001

63.25 (62.9,63.61)

0.001

Haematological

1387 (13.3%)

0.672 (0.654,0.691)

64.88 (63.88,65.89)

Type of treatment

     

Chemotherapy

3695 (41.8%)

0.644 (0.632,0.655)

< 0.001

60.5 (59.97,61.03)

< 0.001

Radiotherapy

601 (6.8%)

0.611 (0.582,0.64)

59.42 (58.18,60.65)

Palliative Care

279 (3.2%)

0.54 (0.489,0.59)

52.64 (50.61,54.67)

Surgery

649 (7.3%)

0.529 (0.501,0.557)

63.73 (62.6,64.86)

Combination therapy**

1137 (12.9%)

0.604 (0.583,0.625)

62.83 (61.89,63.77)

Maintenance therapy

143 (1.6%)

0.741 (0.703,0.779)

68.56 (65.09,72.04)

Diagnostic

99 (1.1%)

0.686 (0.617,0.756)

56.53 (53.54,59.52)

Hormone Therapy

231 (2.6%)

0.801 (0.769,0.833)

71.89 (69.8,73.99)

Others

2002 (22.7%)

0.768 (0.755,0.782)

70.36 (69.5,71.22)

Cancer Stage

     

Carcinoma in Situ

4 (0.1%)

0.811 (0.514,1.107)

< 0.001

68.65 (40.27,97.02)

< 0.01

Stage I

463 (7.6%)

0.748 (0.724,0.772)

67.46 (65.85,69.07)

Stage II

1221 (20.1%)

0.713 (0.697,0.728)

62.29 (61.34,63.25)

Stage III

2311 (38%)

0.689 (0.676,0.701)

63.38 (62.7,64.06)

Stage IV

2077 (34.2%)

0.557 (0.54,0.574)

59.05 (58.36,59.75)

Response to Treatment

     

Disease Free

2444 (28.2%)

0.691 (0.676,0.705)

< 0.001

71.35 (70.65,72.05)

< 0.001

Progressive Disease

442 (5.1%)

0.553 (0.513,0.593)

56.36 (54.53,58.2)

Ongoing treatment*

5771 (66.7%)

0.638 (0.629,0.647)

60.76 (60.35,61.17)

Line to Treatment

     

First Line

7205 (84.9%)

0.653 (0.645,0.661)

0.012

63.75 (63.36,64.15)

< 0.001

Second Line

1133 (13.3%)

0.615 (0.592,0.638)

60.21 (59.18,61.25)

Third Line

137 (1.6%)

0.634 (0.572,0.695)

63.42 (60.58,66.27)

Fourth Line

14 (0.2%)

0.717 (0.514,0.921)

70 (60.23,79.78)

Other

2 (0%)

0.873 (-1.588,3.334)

70.95 (-67.92,209.81)

Adverse Effect

     

With Adverse Effect

5300 (88.7%)

0.627 (0.618,0.636)

< 0.001

59.05 (58.63,59.47)

< 0.001

Without Adverse Effect

678 (11.3%)

0.835 (0.818,0.852)

73.28 (71.96,74.6)

Total

9787

0.630 (0.623, 0.637)

63.58 (63.25, 63.91)

  1. *Level of significance at p- value less than 0.05, **Combination therapy– Chemotherapy + Radiotherapy, Surgery + Radiotherapy, Surgery + Chemotherapy, Surgery + Chemotherapy + Radiotherapy. Ongoing treatment-response cannot be assessed among patients on active oncology treatment
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Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

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