Table 1 Characteristics of respondents
Characteristics | Total sample (N = 1,000) N (%) | Test-retest sample (N = 150) N (%) | P value* |
|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Â | Â | 0.215 |
 Male | 520 (52.0%) | 85 (56.7%) |  |
 Female | 480 (48.0%) | 65 (43.3%) |  |
Age (mean [SD]) | 51.7 (15.3) | 50.6 (15.1) | 0.789 |
Age group (years) | Â | Â | 0.306 |
 18–34 | 174 (17.4%) | 28 (18.7%) |  |
 35–44 | 162 (16.2%) | 26 (17.3%) |  |
 45–54 | 192 (19.2%) | 27 (18.0%) |  |
 55–64 | 179 (17.9%) | 34 (22.7%) |  |
 ≥ 65 | 293 (29.3%) | 35 (23.3%) |  |
Residence (Geographical division) | 0.710 | ||
 North | 184 (18.4%) | 25 (16.7%) |  |
 Northeast | 173 (17.3%) | 22 (14.7%) |  |
 East | 134 (13.4%) | 20 (13.3%) |  |
 Central | 136 (13.6%) | 22 (14.7%) |  |
 South | 96 (9.6%) | 20 (13.3%) |  |
 Southwest | 131 (13.1%) | 20 (13.3%) |  |
 Northwest | 146 (14.6%) | 21 (14.0%) |  |
BMI (mean [SD]) | 27.4 (2.8) | 27.2 (2.7) | 0.814 |
BMI | Â | Â | 0.158 |
 24 ≤ BMI<28 | 677 (67.7%) | 109 (72.7%) |  |
 BMI ≥ 28 | 323 (32.3%) | 41 (27.3%) |  |
Residence | Â | Â | 0.602 |
 Urban area | 832 (83.2%) | 127 (84.7%) |  |
 Rural area | 168 (16.8%) | 23 (15.3%) |  |
Ethnic group | Â | Â | 0.745 |
 Han | 977 (97.7%) | 146 (97.3%) |  |
 Minority | 23 (2.3%) | 4 (2.7%) |  |
Education | Â | Â | 0.207 |
 Primary or below | 196 (19.6%) | 22 (14.7%) |  |
 Junior high school | 312 (31.2%) | 43 (28.7%) |  |
 Senior high school | 338 (33.8%) | 58 (38.7%) |  |
 College or above | 154 (15.4%) | 27 (18.0%) |  |
Marital status | Â | Â | 0.037 |
 Unmarried | 81 (8.1%) | 20 (13.3%) |  |
 Married | 890 (89.0%) | 126 (84.0%) |  |
 Divorced | 12 (1.2%) | 3 (2.0%) |  |
 Widowed | 17 (1.7%) | 1 (0.7%) |  |
Employment status | Â | Â | 0.988 |
 Employed | 683 (68.3%) | 103 (68.7%) |  |
 Retired | 284 (28.4%) | 42 (28.0%) |  |
 Student | 11 (1.1%) | 2 (1.3%) |  |
 Unemployed | 22 (2.2%) | 3 (2.0%) |  |
Personal monthly income | Â | Â | 0.672 |
 <2000 RMB | 70 (7.0%) | 11 (7.3%) |  |
 2000–5000 RMB | 386 (38.6%) | 52 (34.7%) |  |
 5000–10,000 RMB | 444 (44.4%) | 69 (46.0%) |  |
 >10,000 RMB | 100 (10.0%) | 18 (12.0%) |  |
Basic medical insurance | Â | Â | 0.750 |
 Urban employee | 811 (81.1%) | 125 (83.3%) |  |
 Urban and rural resident | 174 (17.4%) | 23 (15.3%) |  |
 No | 15 (1.5%) | 2 (1.3%) |  |
Commercial insurance | Â | Â | 0.235 |
 Yes | 88 (8.8%) | 17 (11.3%) |  |
 No | 912 (91.2%) | 133 (88.7%) |  |
Self-report health status | Â | Â | 0.898 |
 Poor | 167 (16.7%) | 24 (16.0%) |  |
 General | 440 (44.0%) | 63 (42.0%) |  |
 Good | 314 (31.4%) | 51 (34.0%) |  |
 Very good | 79 (7.9%) | 12 (8.0%) |  |
Hypertension | Â | Â | 0.969 |
 Yes | 292 (29.2%) | 44 (29.3%) |  |
 No | 708 (70.8%) | 106 (70.7%) |  |
Diabetes | Â | Â | 0.608 |
 Yes | 89 (8.9%) | 15 (10.0%) |  |
 No | 911 (91.1%) | 135 (90.0%) |  |
Hyperlipidemia | Â | Â | 0.183 |
 Yes | 327 (32.7%) | 42 (28.0%) |  |
 No | 673 (67.3%) | 108 (72.0%) |  |
Number of chronic diseases | Â | Â | 0.276 |
 0 | 410 (41.0%) | 66 (44.0%) |  |
 1 | 182 (18.2%) | 22 (14.7%) |  |
 2 | 169 (16.9%) | 30 (20.0%) |  |
 3 | 96 (9.6%) | 9 (6.0%) |  |
 ≥ 4 | 143 (14.3%) | 23 (15.3%) |  |
Weight loss therapy | Â | Â | 0.017 |
 Yes | 231 (23.1%) | 46 (30.7%) |  |
 No | 769 (76.9%) | 104 (69.3%) |  |
Smoking status | Â | Â | 0.357 |
 Never smoked | 588 (58.8%) | 85 (56.7%) |  |
 Used to smoke | 239 (23.9%) | 33 (22.0%) |  |
 Smoking now | 173 (17.3%) | 32 (21.3%) |  |
Drinking status | Â | Â | 0.188 |
 Never drink | 393 (39.3%) | 69 (46.0%) |  |
 Used to drink | 243 (24.3%) | 33 (22.0%) |  |
 Drinking now | 364 (36.4%) | 48 (32.0%) |  |
Exercise duration/week | Â | Â | 0.455 |
 ≤ 3.5 h | 568 (56.8%) | 81 (54.0%) |  |
 3.5-7.5 h | 395 (39.5%) | 61 (40.7%) |  |
 ≥ 7.5 h | 37 (3.7%) | 8 (5.3%) |  |
Fruit and vegetable intake | 0.650 | ||
 Rarely intake | 174 (17.4%) | 30 (20.0%) |  |
 Sometimes intake | 338 (33.8%) | 50 (33.3%) |  |
 Often intake | 488 (48.8%) | 70 (46.7%) |  |
High sugar oil food intake | 0.935 | ||
 Rarely intake | 152 (15.2%) | 22 (14.7%) |  |
 Sometimes intake | 473 (47.3%) | 73 (48.7%) |  |
 Often intake | 375 (37.5%) | 55 (36.7%) |  |
Sleep duration (day) | Â | Â | 0.077 |
 < 7 h | 579 (57.9%) | 77 (51.3%) |  |
 ≥ 7 h | 421 (42.1%) | 73 (48.7%) |  |