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Table 4 Gender-specific association between composite healthy lifestyle groups and adolescents’ HRQOL

From: Association between healthy lifestyle factors and health-related quality of life among Chinese adolescents: the moderating role of gender

  

β (95% CI) by composite healthy lifestyle groups

P value for trend

P value for interaction

 
  

0–2

3

4

5–6

 

Emotional functioning

     

< 0.001

 
 

Boys

Ref

13.80 (11.33, 16.28) *

22.43 (20.09, 24.78) *

25.29 (22.62, 27.96) *

< 0.001

  
 

Girls

Ref

13.67 (11.11, 16.22) *

28.99 (26.60, 31.39) *

32.93 (29.82, 36.04) *

< 0.001

  

Social functioning

     

0.352

 
 

Boys

Ref

9.00 (7.07, 10.94) *

14.00 (12.17, 15.84) *

16.19 (14.10, 18.28) *

< 0.001

  
 

Girls

Ref

6.75 (4.91, 8.60) *

12.74 (11.01, 14.47) *

14.01 (11.76, 16.25) *

< 0.001

  

School functioning

     

0.044

 
 

Boys

Ref

8.13 (5.98, 10.28) *

15.85 (13.81, 17.89) *

17.97 (15.65, 20.28) *

< 0.001

  
 

Girls

Ref

9.26 (7.20, 11.32) *

18.62 (16.69, 20.55) *

21.30 (18.79, 23.81) *

< 0.001

  

Physical functioning

     

< 0.001

 
 

Boys

Ref

4.62 (3.09, 6.15) *

8.26 (6.81, 9.71) *

10.12 (8.47, 11.76) *

< 0.001

  
 

Girls

Ref

6.86 (5.08, 8.65) *

12.90 (11.23, 14.57) *

16.30 (14.13, 18.47) *

< 0.001

  

Psychosocial health summary score

    

0.003

 
 

Boys

Ref

10.31 (8.51, 12.11) *

17.43 (15.72, 19.13) *

19.82 (17.88, 21.75) *

< 0.001

  
 

Girls

Ref

9.89 (8.17, 11.61) *

20.12 (18.51, 21.73) *

22.75 (20.65, 24.84) *

< 0.001

  

Total scale score

     

< 0.001

 
 

Boys

Ref

8.89 (7.29, 10.48) *

15.14 (13.62, 16.65) *

17.39 (15.67, 19.11) *

< 0.001

  
 

Girls

Ref

9.14 (7.56, 10.71) *

18.31 (16.84, 19.79) *

21.13 (19.22, 23.05) *

< 0.001

  
  1. Abbreviation: HRQOL, Health-related quality of life; CI, confidence interval
  2. Models were controlled for adolescents’ characteristics (age, single child status, primary caregiver, and boarding school attendance) and parental characteristics (age, marital status, and occupational status). * P value < 0.05