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Table 2 Observed and Weighted EQ-5D-5L Assessments with Comparisons with US Population Norms

From: Assessment of retrospective collection of EQ-5D-5L in a US COVID-19 population

 

n

UI

EQ VAS

Percent with problem

MO

SC

UC

PD

AD

Pre-COVID-19

        

 Observed

676

0.924 (0.117)

87.4 (10.9)

7.3

2.7

7.6

27.8

43.5

 MAIC 1

440 a

0.922 (0.125)

87.0 (10.8)

8.9

3.1

8.2

27.6

41.0

 MAIC 2

291 a

0.866 (0.176)

84.6 (12.8)

28.4

9.0

16.6

40.9

47.4

COVID-19

        

 Observed

671

0.808 (0.204)

73.3 (16.9)

17.2

11.4

51.3

67.3

53.7

 MAIC 1

440 a

0.820 (0.192)

74.3 (16.8)

19.0

10.4

47.9

63.5

50.6

Jiang et al. (2021) (12)

1,134

0.851 (0.205)

80.4 (15.6)

28.4

6.5

24.7

51.0

38.4

Cha et al. (2019) (16) b

1,047

Not available

84.6 (14.5)

25.2

6.9

21.8

40.1

29.6

  1. a effective sample size due to weighting
  2. b The sample of EQ-5D-3 L sub-study
  3. UI = utility index; EQ VAS = EuroQol visual analog scale; MO = Mobility; SC = Self-care; UC = Usual activity; PD = Pain/Discomfort; AD = Anxiety/Depression
  4. MAIC 1: Matching percentages of age (18–34,30–64 and 65+), gender, diabetes, and hypertension
  5. MAIC 2: MAIC 1 plus percentage of problems (yes/no) with mobility