Table 2 Structure and contents of the intervention programme
Session | Temporal moment | Objective | Components | Assessment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
First | Diagnosis day | Collect baseline data for intervention impact assessment | First administration of questionnaires on the quality of life and its predictors Collect clinical baseline data | |
Promote acceptance of the diagnosis | Anxiety reduction Promote calmness and reassure Reduce guilt | |||
Provide information on HIV | Basic information on HIV and AIDS HIV transmission pathways | |||
Promote sexual prevention | Information about sexual practices Information about sexual partners Information about sexually transmitted infections (STI) and their prevention | |||
Reduce the social impact of HIV and boost social support | Family, social networks, and partner Sharing the serological status Affective-sexual intercourse | |||
Provide instrumental social support. | Managing visits without appointments Reporting diagnostic start-up testing protocols Presentation of the clinical staff | |||
Second | Collect analytical results Start of ART | Boost self-esteem and empowerment | Sexual acceptance Self-discrimination Self-stigma Mourning | |
Promote prevention and healthy habits | Role of viral load in HIV transmission Valuation of drug use Damage reduction Substance and consumption ART-drug interactions | |||
Boost retention in care and adherence to ART | Address the healthcare professionals-patient relationship Interpretation of analytics Information about ART Information about undetectability Provide tools to improve adherence Basic information on side effects Healthy habits | |||
Provide instrumental social support | Accompaniment in the collection of ART Management of the next appointment | |||
Third | One month after the start of ART | Boosting retention in care and adherence to ART | Address the personal health-patient relationship Viral load information Analysis of perceived side effects Analyse perceived barriers to adherence and providing tools Alternative medicine Healthy habits | |
Reduce the social impact of HIV and boost social support | Analysis of difficulties at work, family, social networks, and partner Affective-sexual intercourse Tools to cope with stigma and discrimination | |||
Provide instrumental social support. | Accompaniment to the pharmacy | |||
Fourth | Four months after the start of ART | Provide information on gender and transsexuality aspects | Pregnancy Menopause Reproduction Hormones Vaccination | |
Provide information on the rights of people with HIV (PHIV) | Legal aspects Work aspects | |||
Improve psychological health | Assess the acceptance of sexuality, self-discrimination, and self-stigma Valuation of mourning elaboration Obstacles | |||
Provide information about the health process. | Comorbidities | |||
Provide instrumental social support | ART pickup and/or shipping Manage visits without appointments Follow-up of patients missing ART collection | |||
Perform the appropriate referrals. | Hospital-social worker Hospital-pharmacy Hospital-psychology Hospital-others Specialised associations Services of the NGO Adhar: psychological care, job orientation, support groups, workshops | |||
Assessment of the impact of the intervention programme | Second administration of questionnaires of quality of life and its predictors | |||
Fifth | 12 months from diagnostic day and baseline data collection | Assessment of the impact of the intervention programme | Last administration of questionnaires of quality of life and its predictors Data collection |