Table 1 Differences in QoL between young stroke patients and age-matched controls from the general population
From: Factors affecting the quality of life after ischemic stroke in young adults: a scoping review
Author/Year/Country | Study design | Participants and sampling | Age mean (SD), range or median (years) | HRQoL measure | Measure time (Time of assessment after stroke) | Main findings and conclusion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
de Bruijn et al. (2015) [57] The Netherlands | Prospective study | Young ISs (18–49 years): 170 Controls: 61 | Age at a stroke: 41.4 (7) Age at follow-up: 46.3 (7.1) Controls: 48 (6.6) | WHOQOL-BREF 26 | A mean time to FUP: 4.9 years | There were no statistical differences in QoL between young adults with IS and controls after long-term follow-up Fatigue, depression, anxiety, and unemployment affect the QoL in young adults with IS of mild severity The stroke-specific factors were not confirmed as significant contributing factors of QoL in young adults with IS |
Palmcrantz et al. (2014) [58] Sweden | Prospective study | Young adult (< 65 years):150 (80% ISs) Controls: 2661 | Young adult Mean: 57 (6) Median: 59 IQR: 54–62 Controls Median: 46, IQR: 38–55 | MYS questionnaire (body functions, limitations, restrictions, personal and environmental factors) EQ-5D |  < 6 years after stroke | The negative effects of stroke, on self-rated global health among young individuals living in the community, appear to be substantial, multifactorial and long-standing. The young individuals with IS reported significantly lower health status regarding mobility, self-care, usual activities, anxiety, and depression than the matched general population. Limitations and restrictions regarding previous leisure activities and returning to work were the main predictors of the HRQoL in young individuals with IS |
Schneider et al. (2021) [59] Estonia | Prospective study | Young ISs (18–54 years): 352 Controls (18-64 years): 2304 | Age at stroke Median: 48.8 Range: 19.2–54.9 Age at follow-up Median: 54 Range: 27–65 Controls: Median: 47 Range: 27–64 | EQ-5D-3L | A mean time to FUP: 5.7 years | ISs reported significantly lower health status regarding mobility, self-care, usual activities, anxiety, and depression than controls. The most significant differences between young stroke patients and their non-stroke counterparts were in the physical domain. Lower QoL of young stroke patients was predicted by stroke-specific (coronary heart disease during the index event, longer follow-up duration, recurrent stroke, functional disability) and psychosocial factors (depression, unemployment). Young patients with excellent recovery after IS reported higher QoL than the controls. Young ISs have long-term decreased HRQOL, except for those with excellent functional recovery |