All N = 309 | p-value | Mothers N = 252 | Fathers N = 57 | p-value | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 (2019) | T2 (2021) | T1 (2019) | T2 (2021) | T1 (2019) | T2 (2021) | ||||
Average pain scorea | 1.57 (1.79) | 1.8 (1.9) | 0.012* | 1.74 (1.9) | 2.0 (1.9) | 0.040* | 0.9 (1.1) | 1.2 (1.49) | 0.002* |
Pain interference, activityb | 1.5 (2.0) | 1.5 (1.8) | 0.505 | 1.6 (2.09) | 1.6 (2.2) | 0.401 | 1.0 (1.4) | 0.7 (1.1) | 0.588 |
Pain interference, emotionsb | 1.6 (1.9) | 1.8 (2.2) | 0.007* | 1.7 (2.0) | 2.0 (2.2) | 0.018* | 1.1 (1.4) | 1.1 (1.4) | 0.165 |
Pain duration | 0.014* | 0.025* | 0.548 | ||||||
No pain | 122 (40%) | 94 (30%) | 94 (37%) | 71 (28%) | 28 (41%) | 23 (40%) | |||
≤ 3 months | 50 (16%) | 60 (19%) | 41 (16%) | 47 (19%) | 9 (16%) | 13 (23%) | |||
> 3 months | 137 (44%) | 155 (50%) | 117 (47%) | 134 (53%) | 20 (35%) | 21 (37%) | |||
Pain analgesics in the past 4 weeks | 0.175 | 0.556 | 0.115 | ||||||
Yes | 83 (60%) | 171 (55%) | 154 (61%) | 148 (59%) | 31 (54%) | 23 (40%) | |||
No | 124 (40%) | 138 (45%) | 98 (39%) | 104 (41%) | 26 (46%) | 34 (60%) | |||
Frequency of pain analgesics in the past 4 weeks | 0.805 | 0.846 | |||||||
Daily | 17 (9%) | 23 (14%) | 14 (9%) | 18 (12%) | 3 (10%) | 5 (22%) | |||
Every week, but not daily | 35 (19%) | 34 (20%) | 31 (20%) | 32 (22%) | 4 (13%) | 2 (8%) | |||
Less often than every week | 132 (71%) | 112 (65%) | 108 (70%) | 96 (65%) | 24 (77%) | 16 (70%) | |||
No intake | 1 (0.5%) | 2 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 2 (1%) | - | - | |||
Family pain | 0.317 | 0.267 | 0.446 | ||||||
Yes | 135 (44%) | 148 (48%) | 117 (46%) | 115 (45%) | 18 (32%) | 13 (23%) | |||
No | 138 (45%) | 128 (41%) | 107 (43%) | 115 (46%) | 31 (54%) | 33 (58%) | |||
Don’t know | 36 (11%) | 33 (11%) | 28 (11%) | 22 (9%) | 8 (14%) | 11 (19%) | |||
Chronic illness | 0.176 | 0.162 | 1.000 | ||||||
Yes | 76 (25%) | 75 (24%) | 61 (24%) | 59 (24%) | 15 (26%) | 16 (28%) | |||
No | 230 (74%) | 226 (73%) | 188 (75%) | 185 (73%) | 42 (74%) | 41 (72%) | |||
Don’t know | 3 (1%) | 8 (2%) | 3 (1%) | 8 (3%) |