Frailty and its association with health-related quality of life among older cancer patients: an evidence-based study from China

Table 3 The comparisons of EQ-5D-5L utility scores by social demographic, clinical and frailty subgroups (N = 229)

Background characteristics	Mean	SD	Z/χ²	P
Age group (Years)			3.338	0.338
60–64	0.859	0.149
65–69	0.844	0.188
70–74	0.848	0.107
≥ 75	0.798	0.209
Sex			− 0.552	0.581
Male	0.847	0.156
Female	0.828	0.197
Marital status			− 1.497	0.134
Married	0.840	0.169
Not married	0.905	0.086
Education level			4.518	0.104
Uneducated and primary school	0.818	0.183
Middle school	0.878	0.125
High school and above	0.851	0.166
Health Insurance			− 1.351	0.177
UEBMI	0.858	0.166
URRBMI	0.836	0.167
Monthly household income, Chinese Yuan			0.865	0.834
< 1000	0.820	0.177
1000–3000	0.858	0.142
3000–5000	0.843	0.176
5000–10,000	0.844	0.174
Cancer site			36.331	< 0.001
Lung	0.800	0.162
Stomach	0.913	0.109
Esophagus	0.790	0.262
Colorectal	0.932	0.085
Other (Liver, head and neck, bladder)	0.870	0.109
Cancer stage			24.136	< 0.001
I	0.910	0.098
II	0.868	0.212
III	0.783	0.196
IV	0.839	0.129
Type of treatment
Surgery	0.866	0.136	− 1.894	0.058
Surgery	0.819	0.190
Chemotherapy	0.829	0.153	− 3.434	0.001
Chemotherapy	0.873	0.186
Radiation	0.803	0.201	− 2.061	0.039
Radiation	0.856	0.151
Comorbidity			6.578	0.037
0	0.835	0.177
1	0.881	0.123
≥ 2	0.797	0.165
Diagnosis year			− 1.700	0.089
≤ 1 year	0.851	0.167
≥ 2 years	0.828	0.163
Frailty status			− 2.366	0.018
Not frail	0.889	0.124
Frail	0.830	0.174

Abbreviations: UEBMI Urban Employees' Basic Medical Insurance, URRBMI Urban–Rural Residents' Basic Medical Insurance

ISSN: 1477-7525