Exploring the importance of controlling heteroskedasticity and heterogeneity in health valuation: a case study on Dutch EQ-5D-5L

Karim, Suzana; Craig, Benjamin M.; Groothuis-Oudshoorn, Catharina G. M.

doi:10.1186/s12955-022-01989-9

Table 6 Full results of the conditional, heteroskedastic model

From: Exploring the importance of controlling heteroskedasticity and heterogeneity in health valuation: a case study on Dutch EQ-5D-5L

	Conditional			Heteroskedastic			DCE			BWS
	Coef	S.E	p-value	Coef	S.E	p-value	Coef	S.E	p-value	Coef	S.E	p-value	p-value
Mobility
Level 1–2	0.0879	0.0055	< 0.000	0.0726	0.0047	< 0.000	0.0874	0.0035	< 0.000	0.0261	0.0200	0.192	0.001
Level 2–3	0.0331	0.0051	< 0.000	0.0340	0.0046	< 0.000	0.0232	0.0049	< 0.000	0.0478	0.0170	0.002	0.917
Level 3–4	0.1073	0.0056	< 0.000	0.1097	0.0075	< 0.000	0.1103	0.0054	< 0.000	0.1078	0.0192	< 0.000	0.451
Level 4–5	0.0134	0.0055	0.015	0.0059	0.0070	0.398	0.0025	0.0056	0.662	0.0308	0.0181	0.091	0.931
Self-care
Level 1–2	0.0634	0.0054	< 0.000	0.0623	0.0067	< 0.000	0.0652	0.0037	< 0.000	0.0803	0.0177	< 0.000	0.278
Level 2–3	0.0062	0.0056	0.270	0.0271	0.0053	< 0.000	0.0276	0.0050	< 0.000	0.0545	0.0249	0.028	0.273
Level 3–4	0.0572	0.0054	< 0.000	0.0370	0.0051	< 0.000	0.0498	0.0053	< 0.000	0.0123	0.0236	0.602	0.599
Level 4–5	0.0170	0.0050	< 0.000	0.0164	0.0057	< 0.003	− 0.0002	0.0055	0.974	0.0559	0.0169	0.001	0.999
Usual activity
Level 1–2	0.0430	0.0052	< 0.000	0.0588	0.0081	< 0.000	0.0685	0.0037	< 0.000	0.0648	0.0235	0.005	0.968
Level 2–3	0.0299	0.0052	< 0.000	0.0280	0.0052	< 0.000	0.0243	0.0051	< 0.000	− 0.0784	0.0237	0.001	0.611
Level 3–4	0.0987	0.0057	< 0.000	0.1002	0.0071	< 0.000	0.1008	0.0055	< 0.000	0.1129	0.0187	< 0.000	0.000
Level 4–5	− 0.0003	0.0055	0.956	− 0.0011	0.0072	0.878	− 0.0046	0.0057	0.423	0.0312	0.0180	0.083	0.999
Pain/discomfort
Level 1–2	0.0682	0.0053	< 0.000	0.0802	0.0063	< 0.000	0.0854	0.0037	< 0.000	0.0061	0.0177	0.728	0.739
Level 2–3	0.0125	0.0056	0.025	0.0324	0.0074	< 0.000	0.0325	0.0050	< 0.000	0.0637	0.0249	0.010	0.194
Level 3–4	0.1244	0.0055	< 0.000	0.1034	0.0071	< 0.000	0.1160	0.0055	< 0.000	0.0856	0.0221	< 0.000	0.004
Level 4–5	0.0297	0.0051	< 0.000	0.0336	0.0051	< 0.000	0.0139	0.0057	0.015	0.0970	0.0167	< 0.000	0.999
Anxiety/depression
Level 1–2	0.0649	0.0051	< 0.000	0.0605	0.0047	< 0.000	0.0738	0.0038	< 0.000	0.0106	0.0223	0.636	0.002
Level 2–3	0.0486	0.0051	< 0.000	0.0444	0.0050	< 0.000	0.0319	0.0053	< 0.000	0.0568	0.0166	< 0.000	0.922
Level 3–4	0.0565	0.0055	< 0.000	0.0634	0.0172	< 0.000	0.0623	0.0057	< 0.000	0.0735	0.0193	< 0.000	0.710
Level 4–5	0.0384	0.0055	< 0.000	0.0310	0.0105	0.003	0.0296	0.0057	< 0.000	0.0575	0.0184	0.001	0.926
Ancillary parameters
SC (Level 0–1)	0.0513	0.0058	< 0.000	0.0349	0.0046	< 0.000
UA (Level 0–1)	0.0638	0.0058	< 0.000	0.0348	0.0050	< 0.000
PD (Level0-1)	0.0549	0.0056	< 0.000	0.0207	0.0072	< 0.000
AD (Level 0–1)	0.0740	0.0056	< 0.000	0.0584	0.0054	< 0.000
Pits Value	8.7724	0.1138	< 0.000	8.8533	0.3201	< 0.000	8.7669	0.1194	< 0.000	8.5402	0.4977	< 0.000
Heteroskedasticity*
Intercept
Task sequence				0.8402	0.1664	< 0.000
Task sequence^2				− 0.7439	0.1608	< 0.000
Task type
Worst						_
Best				0.2424	0.0246	< 0.000
PC				− 0.9931	0.0404	< 0.000
Log-likelihood	− 32,106.1			− 31,252.3					− 31,160.3
BIC	64,458.32			62,792.03
Sample Size	18,620			18,620					18,620

*Heteroskedastic coefficients presented in log-scale term

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