Exploring the importance of controlling heteroskedasticity and heterogeneity in health valuation: a case study on Dutch EQ-5D-5L

Karim, Suzana; Craig, Benjamin M.; Groothuis-Oudshoorn, Catharina G. M.

doi:10.1186/s12955-022-01989-9

Table 2 Conditional, heteroskedastic, and interaction model (controlling heteroskedasticity)

From: Exploring the importance of controlling heteroskedasticity and heterogeneity in health valuation: a case study on Dutch EQ-5D-5L

					Interaction
	Conditional		Heteroskedastic		Paired comparison		Best worst scaling
	Coef	p-value	Coef	p-value	Coef	p-value	Coef	p-value	p-value*
Mobility
Level 1–2	0.0879	< 0.001	0.0726	< 0.001	0.0874	< 0.001	0.0261	0.192	0.001
Level 2–3	0.0331	< 0.001	0.0340	< 0.001	0.0232	< 0.001	0.0478	0.002	0.917
Level 3–4	0.1073	< 0.001	0.1097	< 0.001	0.1103	< 0.001	0.1078	< 0.001	0.451
Level 4–5	0.0134	0.015	0.0059	0.398	0.0025	0.662	0.0308	0.091	0.931
Self-care
Level 1–2	0.0634	< 0.001	0.0623	< 0.001	0.0652	< 0.001	0.0803	< 0.001	0.278
Level 2–3	0.0062	0.270	0.0271	< 0.001	0.0276	< 0.001	0.0545	0.028	0.273
Level 3–4	0.0572	< 0.001	0.0370	< 0.001	0.0498	< 0.001	0.0123	0.602	0.599
Level 4–5	0.0170	< 0.001	0.0164	0.003	− 0.0002	0.974	0.0559	0.001	0.999
Usual activity
Level 1–2	0.0430	< 0.001	0.0588	< 0.001	0.0685	< 0.001	0.0648	0.005	0.968
Level 2–3	0.0299	< 0.001	0.0280	< 0.001	0.0243	< 0.001	− 0.0784	0.001	0.611
Level 3–4	0.0987	< 0.001	0.1002	< 0.001	0.1008	< 0.001	0.1129	< 0.001	< 0.001
Level 4–5	− 0.0003	0.956	− 0.0011	0.878	− 0.0046	0.423	0.0312	0.083	0.999
Pain/discomfort
Level 1–2	0.0682	< 0.001	0.0802	< 0.001	0.0854	< 0.001	0.0061	0.728	0.739
Level 2–3	0.0125	0.025	0.0324	< 0.001	0.0325	< 0.001	0.0637	0.010	0.194
Level 3–4	0.1244	< 0.001	0.1034	< 0.001	0.1160	< 0.001	0.0856	< 0.001	0.004
Level 4–5	0.0297	< 0.001	0.0336	< 0.001	0.0139	0.015	0.0970	< 0.001	0.999
Anxiety/depression
Level 1–2	0.0649	< 0.001	0.0605	< 0.001	0.0738	< 0.001	0.0106	0.636	0.002
Level 2–3	0.0486	< 0.001	0.0444	< 0.001	0.0319	< 0.001	0.0568	< 0.001	0.922
Level 3–4	0.0565	< 0.001	0.0634	< 0.001	0.0623	< 0.001	0.0735	< 0.001	0.710
Level 4–5	0.0384	< 0.001	0.0310	0.003	0.0296	< 0.001	0.0575	0.001	0.926

*p-value showed the significant difference between the PC and BWS coefficient within the heteroskedastic logit
Coefficients are showing as incremental change in the level of severity on a pits scale where value (55555) = 0 and value (11111) = 1; Detailed results are in Appendix 1

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ISSN: 1477-7525

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