Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of the study sample

Age [14; 99]

M

47.5

47.7

47.6

r =  − .006

SD

17.8

18.2

18.0

Age groups

[14–25[

150 (12.5%); 1.34

149 (11.1%); 1.22

299 (11.7%); 1.28

η_Alter = .270***

η_{Alter × Geschlecht} = .187***

[25–35]

176 (14.6%); 1.07

208 (15.5%); 0.85

348 (15.1%); 0.95

[35–45]

232 (19.3%); 1.09

285 (21.3%); 0.94

517 (20.3%); 1.01

[45–55]

185 (15.4%); 1.13

213 (15.9%); 0.98

398 (15.6%); 1.04

[55–65]

203 (16.9%); 0.89

196 (14.6%); 1.04

399 (15.7%); 0.94

[65–75]

192 (15.9%); 0.80

175 (13.0%); 0.87

367 (14.4%); 0.91

[75–99]

66 (5.5%); 0.78

115 (8.6%); 0.98

481 (7.1%); 0.83

School graduation

I. Secondary school certificate

1178 (46.3%); 0.98

η = .187***

II. Middle school certificate

929 (33.7%); 0.99

III. High school graduation

370 (21.4%); 1.00

IV. Student

68 (2.7%); 1.49

Monthly income (EUR)

I. –750]

109 (4.3%); 0.54

ρ = .512***

II. ]750–1250]

526 (20.7%); 0.71

III. ]1250–2000]

943 (37.1%); 0.96

IV. ]2000–

856 (35.2%); 1.26

no information

111 (4.4%); 1.30

Marital status

I. Married—living together

1329 (52.2%); 1.15

η = 0.432***

II. Married—living separately

29 (1.1%); 0.80

III. Single

625 (24.6%); 1.00

III. Divorced

261 (10.3%); 0.67

IV. Widowed

301 (11.8); 0.66

Most recent occupation

I. Never employed before

47 (1.8%); 1.07

η = .071^n.s

II. Worker

254 (10.0%); 0.97

III. Skilled worker

644 (25.3%); 0.95

IV. Independent/self-employed worker

146 (5.8%); 1.15

V. Employees

1140 (44.8%); 1.01

VI. Officer

106 (4.2%); 1.03

VII. no information

208 (8.2%); 0.97

Unemployment

Unemployed

178 (7.0%); 0.89

r =  − .071***

Employed

2367 (93.0%); 1.01