Table 3 Main study characteristics
Author (Year) | N Mean age (SD) | Males | Study Type | Setting and location | Population overview |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Blakeman (2014) | 221 patients. 71.8 (9.0) years. | 41.2% | Randomised controlled trial. | General practice. Greater Manchester, UK. | Stage 3 CKD only. |
Briggs (2016) | 3547 patients. 54.3 (14.3) years. | 59.9% | Randomised controlled trial. | 500 dialysis centres. 22 countries. | Moderate to severe secondary hyperparathyroidism on HD. |
Davison (2008) | 185 patients. 63.6 (12.2) years. | 55.0% | Prospective observational study. | 10 dialysis/ renal insufficiency units. Alberta, Canada. | CKD stage 4 and 5 expected to start dialysis within 12 months. Patients currently receiving HD or PD (started in last 12 months). |
Davison (2009) | 185 patients. 63.6 (12.2) years. | 55.0% | Prospective observational study. | 10 dialysis/ renal insufficiency units. Alberta, Canada. | CKD stage 4 and 5 expected to start dialysis within 12 months. Patients currently receiving HD or PD (started in last 12 months). |
Gorodetskaya (2005) | 271 patients. 62.8 (12.7) years. | 48% | Prospective observational study. | Patients from a single nephrology and dialysis site. USA. | Two groups defined by: -GFR between 30 and 70 ml/min. -GFR < 30 ml/min. |
Jardine (2017) | 200 patients. 51.8 (12.1) years. | 69.5% | Randomised controlled trial. | 40 home and hospital dialysis centres. Australia, China, Canada, and New Zealand. | Adult patients requiring maintenance HD. |
Jesky (2016) | 745 patients. 64, 95% CI (50–76) years. | 60.8% | Prospective observational study. | Two large hospitals. Birmingham, UK. | Pre-dialysis CKD and GFR < 30 ml/min. |
Lee (2005) | 416 patients. Males: 58.2 years. Females: 55.5 years. | 58.9% | Cross-sectional study. | Renal unit departmental database. South Wales, UK. | Patients receiving HD, waiting to start HD or after receiving a renal transplant. |
Manns (2002) | 128 patients. 61.8, 95%CI (59.1, 64.6) years. | 56.3% | Cross-sectional study. | Southern Alberta Renal Program. Alberta, Canada. | All participants had received over 6 months of HD. |
Manns (2003) | 192 patients. 60.8, 95%CI (58.6, 63.0) years. | 55.7% | Cross-sectional study. | Southern Alberta Renal Program. Alberta, Canada. | All participants had received over 6 months of HD. |
Manns (2009) | 51 patients. 54.1 years. | 62.5% | Randomised controlled trial. | Southern Alberta Renal Program. Alberta, Canada. | In- or home conventional HD 3 times weekly. |
Neri (2011) | 386 patients. GFR > 90 ml/min = 48.1 (16.2) years. GFR 90–60 ml/min = 52.2 (13.4) years. GFR 59–30 ml/min = 51.5 (11.8) years. GFR 29–15 ml/min = 52.2 (12.1) years. GFR < 15 ml/min = 43.2 (14.6) years. | 61.4% | Cross-sectional study. | Two outpatient clinics. Midwest, USA. | Kidney transplant patients. |
Ortega (2007) | 307 patients. 51.6 (12) years. | 59.2% | Prospective observational study. | 16 hospitals. Spain. | Adult patients with end-stage renal disease who received a kidney transplant. |
Ortega (2009) | 162 patients. 55.8 (12.3) years. | NR | Prospective observational study. | Four hospitals. California, USA. | Pre-renal transplant and 12 months post-renal transplant. |
Ortega (2013) | 206 patients. 53.4 (12.9) years. | 61.2% | Cross-sectional study. | 39 transplantation units. Spain. | Renal transplant patients 6–24 months post-renal transplant. |
Pan (2018) | 315 patients. 57.3 (14.9) years. | 54.9% | Cross-sectional study. | First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. Eastern China. | Patients on HD. |
Wong (2019)a | 399 patients. 57.3 (12.7) years. | 61.9% | Cross-sectional study. | Hospital, community HD centres or home HD or PD. Hong Kong. | Patients undergoing home based nocturnal HD, PD, hospital or community HD. |