Measuring positive mental health and flourishing in Denmark: validation of the mental health continuum-short form (MHC-SF) and cross-cultural comparison across three countries

Table 4 Items, factor loadings and statistical indices for the bifactor model of the Danish MHC-SF scores

	General	Emotional	Social	Psychological	I-ECV	RPB
*Bifactor Model loadings*
Item a	.73*** (.02)	.46*** (.03)			0.71	4.1%
Item b	.76*** (.02)	.38*** (.03)			0.81	3.2%
Item c	.82*** (.02)	.41*** (.03)			0.82	3.0%
Item d	.71*** (.02)		−.05 (.03)		1.00	3.4%
Item e	.69*** (.02)		.06° (.03)		0.99	1.0%
Item f	.60*** (.03)		.62*** (.04)		0.49	7.6%
Item g	.62*** (.03)		.34*** (.03)		0.77	4.6%
Item h	.61*** (.03)		.61*** (.04)		0.50	7.5%
Item i	.74*** (.02)			.28*** (.05)	0.85	2.1%
Item j	.69*** (.03)			.41*** (.06)	0.75	3.5%
Item k	.78*** (.02)			.17*** (.04)	0.96	0.3%
Item l	.73*** (.02)			.02 (.05)	1.00	1.8%
Item m	.67*** (.02)			.32*** (.06)	0.84	2.6%
Item n	.86*** (.02)			.03 (.04)	1.00	1.7%
*Statistical Indices for evaluating bifactor model*
Omega (ω)	.91	.87	.79	.87
Omega hierarchical for general factor (ω_h) and subscales (ω_s)	.88	.18	.17	.05
ω_hs/ω	96.7%	20.7%	21.5%	5.7%
Construct Replicability (H)	.94	.39	.58	.30
Factor Determinacy (FD)	.96	.76	.85	.63
Explained Common Variance (ECV)	80.0%
Percentage of Uncontaminated Correlations (PUC)	69%

Notes. I-ECV = item explained common variance, i.e. percent of common variance due to the general factor. RBP = relative parameter bias as the difference between an item’s loading in the unidimensional solution and its general factor loading in the bifactor (i.e., the truer model), divided by the general factor loading in the bifactor. * p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001

ISSN: 1477-7525