Sleep quality and its impacts on quality of life among military personnel in remote frontier areas and extreme cold environments

Table 2 Comparisons of SF-36 and PSQI scores between participants and Chinese norms

Variables		Study group (n = 489)	Chinese norms^a (aged 18–44 years) (n = 876)	Chinese Armed force^b (aged 17–36 years) (n = 314)	P value
SF-36	GH	77.2 ± 20.8	60.0 ± 19.8		< 0.01
	RP	82.7 ± 32.8	85.3 ± 29. 0		0.13
	BP	70.5 ± 19.6	85.0 ± 17.8		< 0.01
	PF	92.6 ± 14.7	86.0 ± 18.0		< 0.01
	MH	67.8 ± 17.6	57.9 ± 21.4		< 0.01
	VT	64.7 ± 19.1	53.3 ± 20.3		< 0.01
	RE	72.8 ± 39.7	85.3 ± 30.5		< 0.01
	SF	78.4 ± 19.4	84.2 ± 16.9		< 0.01
PSQI	SQ	1.28 ± 0.95		0.86 ± 0.79	< 0.01
	SL	1.71 ± 1.68		1.22 ± 0.95	< 0.01
	SD	0.87 ± 0.67		0.86 ± 0.92	0.86
	SE	0.38 ± 0.63		0.93 ± 1.11	< 0.01
	SB	0.89 ± 0.60		0.97 ± 0.59	0.06
	SM	0.01 ± 0.14		0.06 ± 0.26	< 0.01
	DD	1.63 ± 1.08		0.78 ± 0.89	< 0.01
	Total	6.76 ± 3.55		5.69 ± 3.31	< 0.01

SF-36 36-item Short form health survey, PSQI Pittsburgh sleep quality index, GH general health, RP role-physical, BP bodily pain, PF physical functioning, MH mental health, VT vitality, RE role-emotional, SF social functioning, SQ subjective sleep quality, SL sleep latency, SD sleep duration, SE habitual sleep efficiency, SB sleep disturbances, SM the use of sleep medication, DD daytime dysfunction due to disrupted sleep
^anormative data from a sample of citizens in Hangzhou of China
^bnormative data from a sample of Chinese inland army

ISSN: 1477-7525