General model fit of the measurement models |
Model 1: One-factor model (CFA) | 1360.98 | 77 | .103 | <.001 | .881 | .859 | | | | | |
Model 2: Two-factor model (CFA) | 1010.80 | 76 | .089 | <.001 | .913 | .896 | | | | | |
Model 3: Three-factor model (CFA) | 532.12 | 74 | .063 | <.001 | .957 | .948 | | | | | |
Model 4: Three-factor model (ESEM) | 318.51 | 52 | .057 | .023 | .975 | .957 | | | | | |
Model 5: Bifactor model (CFA) | 336.07 | 63 | .053 | .208 | .975 | .963 | | | | | |
Model 6: Bifactor model (ESEM) | 224.07 | 41 | .053 | .196 | .983 | .962 | | | | | |
Comparison of the measurement models | |
Model 3 versus Model 5 | | | | | | | 228.61 | 11 | .010 | .018 | .015 |
Model 4 versus Model 6 | | | | | | | 119.25 | 11 | .004 | .008 | .005 |
Model 3 versus Model 4 | | | | | | | 265.53 | 22 | .006 | .018 | .009 |
Model 5 versus Model 6 | | | | | | | 161.87 | 22 | .000 | .008 | - .001 |
Model fit in each group separately (Model 5: Bifactor model, CFA) | |
Boys | 197.70 | 63 | .053 | .272 | .971 | .958 | | | | | |
Girls | 174.13 | 63 | .047 | .715 | .983 | .975 | | | | | |
Measurement invariance testing (Model 5: Bifactor model, CFA) | |
Configural invariance | 370.85 | 126 | .050 | .506 | .978 | .968 | | | | | |
Metric invariance | 388.20 | 150 | .045 | .928 | .978 | .974 | | | | | |
Scalar invariance | 521.77 | 202 | .045 | .958 | .971 | .974 | | | | | |
Configural versus metric invariance | | | | | | | 58.29 | 24 | .005 | .000 | .006 |
Metric versus scalar invariance | | | | | | | 200.92 | 52 | .000 | .007 | .000 |