Table 3 Study definitions and terminology

Physically Active²⁰

“An individual who engages in athletic, recreational, or occupational activities that require physical skills and who uses strength, power, endurance, speed, flexibility, range of motion, or agility at least 3 days per week.”

 Healthy

“Free from musculoskeletal injury and fully able to participate in sport or activity.”

 Acute Injury

“A musculoskeletal injury that precludes full participation in sport or activity for at least 2 consecutive days (0–72 h post-injury).”

 Subacute Injury

“A musculoskeletal injury that precludes full participation in sport or activity for at least 2 consecutive days (3 days to 1-month post-injury).”

 Persistent Injury

“A musculoskeletal injury that has been symptomatic for at least 1 month.”

 Chronic Injury

“Pain that consistently does not get any better with routine treatment or non-narcotic medication.”

 Inactive

“No activity beyond baseline activity.”

 Low

“Activity beyond baseline, but fewer than 150 min of moderate intensity exercise per week.”

 Medium

“150–300 min of moderate intensity activity per week”.

 High

“More than 300 min of moderate intensity activity per week.”

 Competitive Athlete

“A participant who engages in a sport activity that requires at least 1 pre-participation examination, regular attendance at scheduled practices and/or conditioning sessions and a coach who leads practices and/or competitions.”

 Recreational Athlete

“Participants who meet the criteria for physical activity and participate in sport, but do not meet the criteria for competitive status.”

 Occupational Athlete

“Participants who meet the criteria for physical activity for occupation or recreation, but do not meet the criteria for competitive or recreational athlete.”

 Physically Active in ADLs

“Participants who do not meet the criteria for any “athlete” category, but who are physically active through their daily activities (e.g., physically active for at least 30 min per day, 3 days per week).”