Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

Table 5 Models mapping from FSS total to PBMs using estimation dataset

From: Using the Fatigue Severity Scale to inform healthcare decision-making in multiple sclerosis: mapping to three quality-adjusted life-year measures (EQ-5D-3L, SF-6D, MSIS-8D)

	EQ-5D				SF-6D						MSIS-8D
	CLAD A		CLAD C		OLS A		CLAD A		CLAD C		CLAD A		CLAD C
	Coeff	SE	Coeff	SE	Coeff	SE	Coeff	SE	Coeff	SE	Coeff	SE	Coeff	SE
FSS total	− 0.006*	0.0006	− 0.006*	0.0006	− 0.006*	0.0003	−0.006*	0.0004	−0.006*	0.0004	−0.007*	0.0007	−0.008*	0.0008
Age			−0.003*	0.0007					−0.0005	0.0005			−0.001	0.0008
Female			0.012	0.0133					−0.012	0.0107			−0.024	0.0233
Constant	0.921	0.0256	1.058	0.0610	0.897	0.0151	0.913	0.0195	0.966	0.0374	0.985	0.0228	1.084	0.0719
Observations	763		755		455		455		452		474		464
F statistic					357.45
Prob>F					< 0.0001
R-squared					0.451
Pseudo R2	0.107		0.126				0.267		0.274		0.196		0.194
Coefficients	1		3		1		1		3		1		3
Significant coefficients	1		2		1		1		1		1		1
Mean absolute error (MAE)	0.175		0.173		0.078		0.078		0.077		0.117		0.116
Mean squared error (MSE)	0.066		0.067		0.01		0.01		0.01		0.024		0.023
Root MSE	0.257		0.258		0.1		0.1		0.1		0.154		0.152
Normalised root MSE	16.12%		16.19%		14.31%		14.31%		14.31%		19.18%		18.93%
Individuals with MAE < 0.25	78.37%		79.34%		98.68%		98.68%		98.45%		89.05%		90.41%
Individuals with MAE < 0.1	47.05%		49.14%		68.13%		69.01%		70.13%		51.93%		51.84%
Individuals with MAE < 0.05	26.47%		29.14%		41.32%		41.98%		42.48%		28.40%		29.39%

Coeff model coefficient, SE standard error, CLAD Censored Least Adjusted Deviation model, EQ-5D EuroQoL EQ-5D-3L, SF-6D Short-Form 6D, MSIS-8D Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale – Eight Dimensions
*p < 0.001

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