Table 1 Descriptive statistics of study participants
|  | Male (n = 424) | Female (n = 612) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 50.3 ± 16.3 | 49.6 ± 14.0 | 0.52 |
Marital status n(%) | |||
 -Single | 83 (19.6) | 139 (22.7) | 0.257 |
 -Married | 341 (80.4) | 473 (77.3) | |
Level of education n(%) | |||
 -Primary | 109 (25.7) | 208 (34.0) | 0.016 |
 -Secondary | 171 (40.3) | 226 (36.9) | |
 -Higher | 144 (34.0) | 178 (29.1) | |
Employment status n(%) | |||
 - Unemployed/student/housewife | 32 (7.5) | 434 (70.9) | < 0.001 |
 - Unemployed, but had other sources of income | 111 (26.2) | 71 (11.6) | |
 - Employed | 281 (66.3) | 107 (17.5) | |
Chronic diseases | |||
 -No | 244 (57.5) | 302 (49.3) | 0.011 |
 -Yes | 180 (42.5) | 310 (50.7) | |
Social support scores | 65.8 ± 12.2 | 64.6 ± 12.6 | 0.15 |
 - Family | 24.0 ± 4.3 | 23.2 ± 4.8 | 0.003 |
 - Friend | 19.1 ± 6.0 | 19.2 ± 6.2 | 0.88 |
 -Significant other | 22.6 ± 5.3 | 22.3 ± 5.7 | 0.32 |
SF-12 scores | |||
 -Physical Function | 87.2 ± 22.9 | 80.6 ± 25.2 | < 0.001 |
 -Role Physical | 84.6 ± 20.5 | 73.3 ± 24.1 | < 0.001 |
 -Bodily pain | 85.1 ± 21.0 | 75.4 ± 24.7 | < 0.001 |
 -General Health | 49.9 ± 22.2 | 45.2 ± 22.5 | < 0.001 |
PCS | 49.6 ± 7.3 | 47.2 ± 8.5 | < 0.001 |
 -Vitality | 69.2 ± 24.4 | 60.5 ± 25.9 | < 0.001 |
 -Social Function | 84.3 ± 24.9 | 77.5 ± 27.1 | < 0.001 |
 -Role Emotional | 80.3 ± 22.2 | 71.0 ± 24.2 | < 0.001 |
 -Mental Health | 74.8 ± 20.3 | 65.7 ± 22.1 | < 0.001 |
MCS | 50.6 ± 9.6 | 46.5 ± 11.1 | < 0.001 |