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Table 2 Item and scale score statistics (n = 6622)

From: Is the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) a valid measure in a general population 65–80 years old? A psychometric evaluation study

   

Score distribution, %

 

Mdn (q1-q3)

M (SD)

0

1

2

3

Missing data

HADS Anxiety

2 (1–5)

3.23 (3.23)

     

1. I feel tense and wound up

0 (0–1)

0.53 (0.63)

52.8

41.3

4.1

1.0

0.8

3. I get sort of frightened as if something awful is about to happen

0 (0–1)

0.34 (0.59)

70.7

25.3

3.0

1.0

0.8

5. Worrying thoughts go through my mind

0 (0–1)

0.49 (0.71)

60.3

30.6

5.9

2.2

1.4

7. I can sit at ease and feel relaxed

1 (0–1)

0.59 (0.64)

47.9

44.7

6.4

0.7

0.2

9. I get sort of frightened feeling like “butterflies in the stomach”

0 (0–1)

0.42 (0.58)

62.0

33.8

3.0

0.5

0.6

11. I feel restless as if I have to be on the move

0 (0–1)

0.60 (0.73)

53.1

33.7

11.6

1.1

0.6

13. I get sudden feelings of panic

0 (0–0)

0.25 (0.52)

77.7

18.8

2.4

0.6

0.6

HADS Depression

3 (1–5)

3.26 (3.04)

     

2. I still enjoy the things I used to enjoy

0 (0–1)

0.45 (0.59)

58.7

37.0

2.7

0.7

0.9

4. I can laugh and see the funny side of things

0 (0–1)

0.31 (0.57)

72.6

22.7

3.3

0.6

0.7

6. I feel cheerful

0 (0–1)

0.34 (0.60)

72.2

21.3

5.3

0.6

0.7

8. I feel as if I have slowed down

1 (0–1)

0.76 (0.69)

36.1

53.4

7.7

2.2

0.6

10. I have lost interest in my appearance

0 (0–1)

0.57 (0.72)

54.4

34.0

9.6

1.2

0.8

12. I look forward with enjoy to things

0 (0–1)

0.53 (0.70)

56.8

33.2

8.0

1.2

0.7

14. I can enjoy a good book, or radio or TV program

0 (0–0)

0.29 (0.59)

76.4

19.0

2.7

1.5

0.4

  1. Floor and/or ceiling effects are marked in bold, defined if more than 20% of the participants used the lowest and/or highest possible scores
  2. HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale