Validation and reliability of the translated Malay version of the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire for adolescents

Table 2 Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis showing standardized parameter estimates and fit indices

	MODEL A	MODEL B (Baseline Configural Model)
N	590	319	271
Age-group	12–17 years	12–14 years	15–17 years
Fit Indices
Comparative Fit Index	0.936	0.928
Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (90% CI)	0.064 (0.059-0.070)	0.049 (0.045-0.053)
Items in Brief	Factor loading	Factor loading
Dental Self-Confidence
• Proud of own teeth	0.80	0.78	0.83
• Like to show their teeth	0.56	0.54	0.61
• Pleased to see own teeth in mirror	0.86	0.84	0.88
• Teeth look nice to others	0.67	0.68	0.67
• Satisfied with own teeth’s appearance	0.79	0.79	0.77
• Find own teeth nice	0.76	0.73	0.78
Social Impact
• Hold back their smile	0.68	0.63	0.75
• What others think	0.63	0.59	0.67
• Teasing	0.78	0.74	0.83
• People look strange at my teeth	0.78	0.80	0.77
• Shy because of own teeth	0.75	0.75	0.76
• Hiding own teeth	0.74	0.77	0.72
• Stupid comments from others	0.65	0.59	0.72
• Boys/girls find own teeth ugly	0.77	0.79	0.75
Psychological Impact
• Envy others for their teeth	0.66	0.62	0.71
• Distressed because of others’ nice teeth	0.86	0.85	0.88
• Unhappy about own teeth	0.83	0.81	0.86
• Others have nicer teeth	0.63	0.54	0.73
• Feel bad about own teeth	0.77	0.73	0.82
• Wish to look better	0.38	0.33	0.43
Aesthetic Concern
• Don’t like own teeth in mirror	0.75	0.74	0.77
• Don’t like own teeth on photos	0.73	0.74	0.72

ISSN: 1477-7525