Table 2 General characteristics of study participants
All (n = 742) | Men (n = 246) | Women (n = 496) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (y) | 49.78 (13.25) | 51.25 (14.13) | 49.06 (12.75) | 0.04 |
Education (%) | <0.001 | |||
Primary | 358 (49.1) | 80 (33.2) | 278 (57.0) | |
Secondary | 265 (36.4) | 104 (43.2) | 161 (33.0) | |
Higher | 106 (14.5) | 57 (23.7) | 49 (10.0) | |
Marital status (%) | <0.001 | |||
Married | 632 (85.2) | 226 (91.9) | 406 (81.9) | |
Single/Widowed/Divorced | 110 (14.8) | 20 (8.1) | 90 (18.1) | |
Smoking (%) | <0.001 | |||
Current | 46 (6.3) | 41 (17.0) | 5 (1.0) | |
Ex/Never | 680 (93.7) | 200 (83.0) | 480 (99.0) | |
MET-h/wk | 22.1 (7.7–58.1) | 23.3 (7.9–63.1) | 20.3 (7.6–57.5) | 0.80 |
WHR | 0.9 (0.1) | 1.0 (0.1) | 0.9 (0.1) | <0.001 |
WC (cm) | 95.3 (11.6) | 98.1 (10.2) | 93.9 (12.0) | <0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 29.1 (4.7) | 27.8 (4.4) | 29.7 (4.8) | <0.001 |
TG (mmol/L) | 1.8 (1.3–2.5) | 1.9 (1.3–2.7) | 1.8 (1.2–2.4) | 0.10 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.2 (1.0) | 5.1 (0.9) | 5.3 (1.0) | <0.001 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.1 (0.3) | 1.0 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.3) | <0.001 |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.3 (0.8) | 3.2 (0.8) | 3.3 (0.9) | 0.11 |
FBS (mmol/L) | 5.7 (1.9) | 5.8 (1.8) | 5.7 (2.0) | 0.32 |
BS2hr (mmol/L) | 6.5 (2.7) | 6.2 (2.5) | 6.6 (2.8) | 0.07 |
SBP (mmHg) | 120.2 (19.0) | 124.0 (16.7) | 118.3 (19.8) | <0.001 |
DBP (mmHg) | 75.1 (10.1) | 77.0 (10.0) | 74.2 (10.1) | <0.001 |
Menopause (%) | - | - | 165 (34.3) | - |
Pre-diabetes (%) | 150 (20.7) | 51 (21.2) | 99 (20.5) | 0.80 |
Metabolic Syndrome (%) | ||||
WHO | 302 (41.8) | 107 (44.2) | 195 (40.6) | 0.36 |
aEGIR | 149 (25.6) | 49 (25.8) | 100 (25.5) | 0.94 |
aAACE | 179 (30.7) | 62 (33.2) | 117 (29.5) | 0.37 |