Impaired sleep affects quality of life in children during maintenance treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia: an exploratory study

Table 2 Child Health Questionnaire mean (SD) scores

	Dutch norm	On-dex	Norm versus on-dex p	Off-dex	Norm versus off-dex p
Physical Functioning	99.3 (4.3)	60.5 (26.2)	<0.001	66.3 (26.3)	<0.001
Role Limitations: emotional/behaviour	97.9 (13.9)	83.3 (26.2)	0.031	87.4 (13.8)	0.011
Role Limitations: physical	95.8 (15.6)	62.0 (33.2)	<0.001	65.6 (37.0)	0.007
Bodily Pain	85.7 (17.2)	66.7 (32.4)	0.023	73.1 (20.2)	0.025
General Behaviour	78.5 (13.1)	69.6 (16.9)	0.040	70.6 (14.2)	0.041
Mental Health	81.4 (12.1)	72.2 (16.3)	0.029	74.4 (14.4)	0.069
Self-esteem	79.2 (11.0)	70.0 (13.3)	0.005	67.2 (19.5)	0.032
Parental Impact: emotional	86.3 (15.2)	74.1 (18.3)	0.011	71.9 (20.2)	0.012
Parental Impact: time	94.0 (13.0)	64.8 (26.7)	<0.001	64.6 (25.4)	<0.001
Family Activities	91.5 (11.9)	69.2 (19.7)	<0.001	70.3 (20.4)	0.001
Family Cohesion	72.2 (19.4)	63.3 (19.2)	0.066	63.1 (21.0)	0.105
Physical Summary Score Z-score*	56.4 (5.7)	33.4 (13.4)	<0.001	37.9 (12.2)	<0.001
Psychosocial Summary Score Z-score*	53.2 (6.4)	48.5 (8.9)	0.040	48.8 (7.5)	0.046

Higher scores indicate a better QoL. There were no significant differences in on-dex and off-dex scores. Dutch norm scores consist of a sample of healthy school-aged children [27]. Imputed mean general health subscale scores (based on a previous study [22], see methods): on-dex 47.5 and off-dex 50.0.
* Physical and Psychosocial CHQ summary scores based on a factor-analytical model on U.S. population samples. A score of 50 represents the mean in the general U.S. population.

ISSN: 1477-7525