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Table 2 Child Health Questionnaire mean (SD) scores

From: Impaired sleep affects quality of life in children during maintenance treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia: an exploratory study

Ā 

Dutch norm

On-dex

Norm

versus on-dex

p

Off-dex

Norm

versus off-dex

p

Physical Functioning

99.3 (4.3)

60.5 (26.2)

<0.001

66.3 (26.3)

<0.001

Role Limitations: emotional/behaviour

97.9 (13.9)

83.3 (26.2)

0.031

87.4 (13.8)

0.011

Role Limitations: physical

95.8 (15.6)

62.0 (33.2)

<0.001

65.6 (37.0)

0.007

Bodily Pain

85.7 (17.2)

66.7 (32.4)

0.023

73.1 (20.2)

0.025

General Behaviour

78.5 (13.1)

69.6 (16.9)

0.040

70.6 (14.2)

0.041

Mental Health

81.4 (12.1)

72.2 (16.3)

0.029

74.4 (14.4)

0.069

Self-esteem

79.2 (11.0)

70.0 (13.3)

0.005

67.2 (19.5)

0.032

Parental Impact: emotional

86.3 (15.2)

74.1 (18.3)

0.011

71.9 (20.2)

0.012

Parental Impact: time

94.0 (13.0)

64.8 (26.7)

<0.001

64.6 (25.4)

<0.001

Family Activities

91.5 (11.9)

69.2 (19.7)

<0.001

70.3 (20.4)

0.001

Family Cohesion

72.2 (19.4)

63.3 (19.2)

0.066

63.1 (21.0)

0.105

Physical Summary Score

Z-score*

56.4 (5.7)

33.4 (13.4)

<0.001

37.9 (12.2)

<0.001

Psychosocial Summary Score Z-score*

53.2 (6.4)

48.5 (8.9)

0.040

48.8 (7.5)

0.046

  1. Higher scores indicate a better QoL. There were no significant differences in on-dex and off-dex scores. Dutch norm scores consist of a sample of healthy school-aged children [27]. Imputed mean general health subscale scores (based on a previous study [22], see methods): on-dex 47.5 and off-dex 50.0.
  2. * Physical and Psychosocial CHQ summary scores based on a factor-analytical model on U.S. population samples. A score of 50 represents the mean in the general U.S. population.