From: A comparison of conventional and retrospective measures of change in symptoms after elective surgery
Method | Measuring change | Assessment points | Values* | Interpretation** | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |  | Baseline | Follow-up |  |  |
Conventional | Δ follow-up - baseline | "How much pain do you have?" | "How much pain do you have?" | -2 to +2 | < 0 = Decrease |
Retrospective A | Perceived change*** | Â | "How much pain do you have compared to the time before the intervention?" | -2 to +2 | 0 = No change |
Retrospective B | Δ follow-up - recalled baseline |  | "How much pain do you have?" "How much pain did you have before the intervention?" | -2 to +2 | > 0 = Increase |