The relative impact of vision impairment and cardiovascular disease on quality of life: the example of pseudoxanthoma elasticum

Table 1 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the 107 patients with PXE.

	Total sample (n = 107)	Group A (n = 16) No VI or CVCs	Group B (n = 35) Only CVCs	Group C (n = 15) Only VI	Group D (n = 41) VI & CVCs	p value*
n (%)
Gender						0.917
Male	38 (36%)	5 (31%)	14 (40%)	4 (27%)	15 (37%)
Female	68 (64%)	11 (69%)	21 (60%)	10 (67%)	26 (63%)
Help to fill in questionnaires (self-report)	45 (42%)	1 (6%)	3 (9%)	9 (60%)	32 (78%)	< 0.001
Mean ± SD
Age (years)	57 ± 12	47 ± 11	53 ± 10	54 ± 16	64 ± 9	< 0.001
BCVA Snellen (LogMAR)	20/125 (0.79 ± 0.67)	20/25 (0.11 ± 0.11)	20/32 (0.16 ± 0.16)	20/250 (1.10 ± .056)	20/320 (1.24 ± 0.53)	< 0.001
Average no. of CVCs	1.61 ± 1.39	0	2.09 ± 1.12	0	2.41 ± 1.07	< 0.001
Duration of PXE (years)	17 ± 12	11 ± 10	18 ± 13	20 ± 14	18 ± 9	0.127
Functional IVI score	20.16 ± 8.16	28.12 ± 4.99	23.52 ± 6.62	20.99 ± 6.18	13.63 ± 5.99	< 0.001
Emotional IVI score	8.82 ± 3.24	10.75 ± 2.46	9.06 ± 3.11	10.63 ± 3.05	7.22 ± 2.98	< 0.001
Rasch guided SF-36 physical functioning score	19.98 ± 7.58	23.21 ± 5.73	19.76 ± 8.02	16.93 ± 7.35	20.29 ± 7.58	0.141
Rasch guided SF-36 mental health score	14.48 ± 6.19	16.77 ± 6.04	13.91 ± 5.67	14.30 ± 5.93	14.35 ± 6.69	0.478

SD = Standard deviation; CVCs = cardiovascular complications; VI = Vision impairment; BCVA = Best corrected distance visual acuity. *ANOVA, testing for difference between all groups.

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