Non-clinical sample | Clinical sample | |||||||||||
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Parameter | N | Mean (SD) | SOC N = 55 | BDI N = 66 | BAI N = 66 | SDQ-em N = 66 | N | Mean (SD) | SOC N = 73 | BDI N = 67 | BAI N = 70 | SDQ-em N = 73 |
SOC | 55 | 137 (27) | Â | Â | Â | Â | 73 | 96 (20.5) | 97 | Â | Â | Â |
Psychiatric symptoms 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Depressive symptoms BDI | 66 | 9.8 (8.4)) | -0.86*** | - | 0.80*** | 0.73 *** | 67 | 25.1(12.0) | -0.74*** | - | 0.67*** | 0.44*** |
Anxiety symptoms BAI | 66 | 13.3 (9.7) | -0.78*** | 0.79*** | - | 0.73*** | 70 | 22.8(11.0) | -0.70*** | 0.67*** | - | 0.50*** |
Emotional problems SDQ-em | 66 | 3.7 (2.4) | -0.73*** | 0.73*** | 0.73*** | - | 73 | 3.7 (2.3) | -0.53*** | 0.44*** | 0.50*** | - |
Hyperactivity SDQ-hy | 66 | 3.7(2.6) | -0.62** | 0.64** | 0.66** | 0.53** | 73 | 3.7(2.5) | -0.52*** | 0.51*** | 0.51*** | 0.37** |
Conduct problems SDQ-co | 66 | 1.3(1.3) | -0.52** | 0.58** | 0.59** | 0.53** | 73 | 1.3(1.3) | -0.40* | 0.42*** | 0.46*** | 0.21 |
Peer problems SDQ-pp | 66 | 1.5(1.8) | -0.62** | 0.53** | 0.57** | 0.38* | 73 | 1.5 (1.8) | -0.33** | 0.36** | 0.17 | 0.21 |
Psychosomatic symptoms 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Headache | 66 | 2.5(0.9) | -0.42** | 0.40** | 0.50** | 0.59** | 70 | 3.1 (1.0) | -0.26* | 0.26* | 0.40** | 0.37** |
Backache | 66 | 2.6 (1.0) | -0.54** | 0.51** | 0.54** | 0.48** | 70 | 3.1 (1.2) | -0.25* | 0.19 | 0.27* | 0.39** |
Stomach problems | 65 | 2.3 (0.8) | -0.39** | 0.25* | 0.33* | 0.28* | 70 | 3.5 (1.2) | -0.19 | 0.18 | 0.25* | 0.23 |
Sleep problems | 66 | 2.6 (1.0) | -0.45* | 0.54** | 0.61** | 0.53** | 70 | 2.6 (1.2) | -0.25* | 0.51** | 0.30* | 0.11 |
Dizziness | 66 | 1.9(0.9) | -0.26 | 0.32** | 0.41** | 0.09 | 70 | 2.0 (0.8) | -0.43** | 0.34** | 0.46** | 0.31** |
Self-perceived stress | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
In relation to total life situation | 64 | 2.6 (0.6) | 0.41** | -0.56** | -0.50** | -0.33* | 67 | 2.0 (0.8) | 0.19 | -0.23 | -0.06 | -0.13 |
In relation to school work | 66 | 1.6 (0.6) | 0.51**' | -0.42** | -0.32** | -0.40** | 70 | 1.4 (0.6) | 0.17 | -0.14 | -0.08 | -0.11 |
In relation to parent's situation | 66 | 2.2 (0.6) | 0.26 | -0.34** | -0.24* | -0.18* | 66 | 1.9 (0.8) | 0.12 | -0.18 | -0.28* | -0.06 |
Sense of support/satisfaction 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
By teachers | 66 | 1.6 (0.6) | 0.55** | -0.47** | 0.46** | -0.42** | 70 | 2.0 (0.6) | 0.55** | -0.37** | -0.39** | -0.22 |
By parents | 66 | 1.2 (0.7) | 0.43** | -0.38** | 0.40** | -0.38** | 70 | 1.4 (0.7) | 0.21 | -0.20 | -0.22 | -0.35** |
Likes to be in school | 66 | 1.7 (0.7) | 0.48** | -0.47** | 0.40** | -0.33* | 66 | 2.3 (0.6) | 0.11 | -0.08 | -0.12 | 0.03 |
Likes to be with friends | 66 | 1.3 (0.5) | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.14 | 0.20 | 66 | 1.9 (0.7) | 0.00 | -0.01 | 0.10 | 0.13 |
Health behaviours 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Physical activity | 66 | 3.5(1.1) | 0.11 | -0.04 | 0.09 | -0.07 | 70 | 3.0(1.3) | 0.24* | -0.31* | -0.29* | -0.18 |
Skips breakfast | 66 | 2.4(1,2) | -0.32* | 0.22 | 0.29* | 0.30* | 70 | 3.0(1.3) | -0.24 | 0.30* | 0.20 | 0.04 |
TV hours | 62 | 4.7 (2.7) | -0.12 | 0.11 | 0.15 | 0.26* | 69 | 4.3(2.9) | 0.22 | -0.17 | -0.13 | -0.16 |
Daily smoking | 61 | 1.8 (1.3) | -0.34* | 0.17 | 0.20 | 0.24* | 69 | 2.1(1.3) | -0.18 | 0.04 | 0.20 | 0.08 |
Objective health parameters 2 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Body Mass Index | 66 | 22.2(3.6) | -0.08 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 67 | 21.3 (3,9) | -0.04 | -0.01 | -0.10 | 0.06 |
P-glucose | 66 | 5.5 (0.7) | -0.07 | 0.17 | -0.04 | 0.01 | 69 | 6.7 (2.2) | 0.07 | -0.04 | 0.10 | -0.01 |
Saliva cortisol AUC-b | 46 | 2.1 (0.3) | -0.32* | 0.27 | 0.21 | 0.14 | 35 | 1.7 (0.7) | -0.30 | 0.18 | 0.04 | 0.22 |
Blood pressure systolic | 65 | 111 (9.7) | 0.03 | 0.17 | 0.14 | 0.00 | 69 | 109 (16.6) | -0.15 | 0.01 | -0.01 | 0.20 |
Blood pressure diastolic | 65 | 67 (7.5) | 0.07 | -0.06 | -0.08 | -0.15 | 68 | 68 (9.2) | 0.06 | -0.01 | -0.02 | 0.09 |
HRV high frequency (HF) | 53 | 5.9 (0.83) | 0.32* | -0.19 | -0.16 | -0.15 | 60 | 5.5 (0.86) | -0.09 | 0.03 | -0.05 | 0.09 |
HRV low frequency (LF) | 53 | 5.9 (0.87) | 0.15 | -0.06 | -0.06 | -0.06 | 60 | 5.5 (0.86) | -0.04 | 0.01 | -0.04 | 0.06 |
HRV st d of inter-beat int (SDNN) | 53 | 4.1 (0.32) | 0.20 | -0.14 | -0.07 | -0.08 | 60 | 3.88 (0.34) | -0.13 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.11 |
HRV HF adjusted for HR | 42 | 5.9 (0.84) | 0.41** | -0.32* | -0.30 | -0.43** | 49 | 5.4 (0.88) | -0.05 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.17 |
HRV LF adjusted for HR | 42 | 6.0 (0.90) | 0.17 | -0.20 | -0.13 | -0.28 | 49 | 5.5 (0.91) | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.08 |
HRV SDNN adjusted for HR | 42 | 4.1 (0.33) | 0.28 | -0.35* | -0.28 | 0.44** | 49 | 3.88 (0.35) | -0.09 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.17 |
Socio-demographic factors 1 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Parent unemployment | 65 | 25% | -0.15 | 0.15 | 0.22 | 0.25* | 70 | 31% | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.14 |
Parent non Swedish ethnicity | 66 | 24% | -0.02 | 0.08 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 70 | 6% | 0.15 | 0.00 | -0.05 | -0.29* |
Single parent family | 62 | 27% | 0.06 | -0.02 | -0.07 | 0.06 | 70 | 47% | 0.09 | -0.09 | -0.02 | -0.28* |