Table 1 Socio-demographic variables and drug use patterns, in the overall sample and by gender.
From: Gender differences in health related quality of life of young heroin users
Women 269 (27%) n (%) | Men 722 (73%) n (%) | Total 991 n (%) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (mean; [s.d.]) | 25.00 [3.6] | 25.9 [3.2] | 25.7 [3.3] | < 0.0001 |
Educational level | 0.008 | |||
Primary or < | 104 (38.8) | 348 (48.2) | 450 (45.7) | |
> = Secondary | 164 (61.2) | 370 (51.8) | 530 (54.3) | |
Living arrangements † | 0.007 | |||
Flats | 187 (69.5) | 507 (70.2) | 694 (70.0) | |
Squats | 56 (20.8) | 103 (14.3) | 159 (16.0) | |
Homeless or institution | 26 (9.7) | 112 (15.5) | 138 (13.9) | |
Work | ||||
Did not work † (with/without contract) | 203 (75.5) | 475 (65.8) | 678 (68.4) | 0.004 |
Ever in prison | 71 (26.4) | 347 (48.1) | 418 (42.2) | < 0.0001 |
Ever confined to bed † | 143 (54.0) | 272 (38.0) | 415 (42.3) | < 0.0001 |
Inpatient in a hospital † | 65 (24.5) | 142 (19.8) | 207 (21.1) | 0.107 |
Infections (n = 971) | ||||
Ab* HIV + | 61 (22.9) | 116 (16.5) | 177 (18.2) | 0.020 |
Ab HCV + | 132 (49.6) | 375 (53.3) | 507 (52.3) | 0.311 |
Ab HBV core + | 41 (15.4) | 124 (17.6) | 165 (17.0) | 0.421 |
Alcohol use severity‡ | 0.004 | |||
No alcohol use | 64 (23.9) | 113 (15.8) | 177 (18.0) | |
Moderate | 95 (35.4) | 317 (44.3) | 412 (41.9) | |
At risk | 41 (15.3) | 133 (18.6) | 174 (17.7) | |
Heavy use | 68 (25.4) | 152 (21.3) | 220 (22.4) | |
N of years drug use (mean; [s.d.]) | ||||
Cocaine | 8.2 [4.0] | 9.6 [3.9] | 9.2 [4.0] | < 0.0001 |
Heroin | 7.4 [4.6] | 8.9 [4.3] | 8.5 [4.5] | < 0.0001 |
Poly-drug use † | 255 (94.8) | 686 (95.0) | 941 (95.0) | 0.889 |
Ever injecting | 164 (61.0) | 473 (65.5) | 637 (64.3) | 0.184 |
Age first heroin use (mean; [s.d.]) | 17.6 [3.4] | 17.0 [3.1] | 17.1 [3.2] | 0.001 |
Age first injecting (mean; [s.d.]) | 19.6 [3.7] | 19.3 [3.9] | 19.4 [3.8] | 0.392 |
Intravenous use † | 135 (50.6) | 381 (52.9) | 516 (52.3) | 0.511 |
Drug use treatment | 0.291 | |||
Never | 84 (31.7) | 213 (29.7) | 297 (30.2) | |
Before last year | 40 (15.1) | 141 (19.7) | 181 (18.4) | |
Methadone last year | 108 (40.8) | 262 (36.5) | 370 (37.7) | |
Other last year | 33 (12.5) | 101 (14.1) | 134 (13.6) | |
Psychiatric treatment † | 25 (9.3) | 51 (7.1) | 76 (7.7) | 0.241 |
Opiate Overdoses | ||||
Ever in lifetime | 71 (26.5) | 173 (24.0) | 244 (24.6) | 0.412 |
Last 12 months | 22 (8.2) | 58 (8.0) | 80 (8.1) | 0.928 |
SDS * score (mean; [s.d.]) | ||||
Cocaine | 5.3 [4.3] | 4.8 [4.1] | 4.9 [4.2] | 0.089 |
Heroin | 8.2 [3.3] | 8.0 [3.4] | 8.1 [3.4] | 0.497 |