Table 3 Mean (SD) HUI2 Scores and Adjusted Differences by Demographic, Social, Health and Clinical Characteristics of Older Home Care Clients
| Â | N (%) | HUI2 Meana (SD) | Regression Coefficientb(SE) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | 489c | 0.49 (0.18) | Â | Â | Â |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
    Female | 351 (71.8) | 0.48 (0.18) |  | Ref |  |
    Male | 138 (28.2) | 0.52 (0.19) | p = 0.0420 | 0.01 (0.02) | p = 0.4369 |
Age Group | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
    < 75 | 128 (26.2) | 0.50 (0.20) |  | Ref |  |
    75-84 | 212 (43.4) | 0.48 (0.19) | p = 0.4136 | -0.03 (0.02) | p = 0.2044 |
    85+ | 149 (30.4) | 0.51 (0.16) | p = 0.6418 | -0.01 (0.02) | p = 0.7953 |
Marital Status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
    married | 151 (30.9) | 0.48 (0.20) | p = 0.9610 | ---- |  |
    widowed | 266 (54.4) | 0.50 (0.18) | p = 0.5595 | ---- |  |
    other | 72 (14.7) | 0.48 (0.18) |  | ---- |  |
Caregiver Stress | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
    no indicators | 409 (83.6) | 0.51 (0.18) |  | Ref |  |
    1+ indicator(s) | 80 (16.4) | 0.40 (0.17) | p < 0.0001 | -0.09 (0.02) | p < 0.0001 |
Reports Feels Lonely | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
    no | 378 (77.3) | 0.50 (0.19) |  | Ref |  |
    yes | 111 (22.7) | 0.46 (0.18) | p = 0.0783 | -0.03 (0.02) | p = 0.1655 |
Self-Rated Health | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
    good/excellent | 339 (69.3) | 0.52 (0.18) |  | Ref |  |
    poor | 150 (30.7) | 0.42 (0.18) | p < 0.0001 | -0.07 (0.02) | p = 0.0002 |
Arthritis | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
    no | 214 (43.8) | 0.53 (0.18) |  | Ref |  |
    yes | 275 (56.2) | 0.46 (0.18) | p < 0.0001 | -0.04 (0.02) | p = 0.0082 |
Congestive Heart Failure | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
    no | 365 (74.6) | 0.50 (0.19) |  | Ref |  |
    yes | 124 (25.4) | 0.46 (0.17) | p = 0.0486 | -0.03 (0.02) | p = 0.0622 |
Peripheral Vascular Disease | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
    no | 416 (85.1) | 0.50 (0.18) |  | Ref |  |
    yes | 73 (14.9) | 0.46 (0.19) | p = 0.1274 | -0.02 (0.02) | p = 0.4618 |
Hypertension | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
    no | 218 (44.6) | 0.50 (0.19) |  | ---- |  |
    yes | 271 (55.4) | 0.48 (0.18) | p = 0.1505 | ---- |  |
Emphysema/COPD | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
    no | 378 (77.3) | 0.50 (0.18) |  | Ref |  |
    yes | 111 (22.7) | 0.47 (0.19) | p = 0.1485 | 0.004 (0.02) | p = 0.8301 |
Osteoporosis | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
    no | 348 (71.2) | 0.50 (0.19) |  | Ref |  |
    yes | 141 (28.8) | 0.47 (0.17) | p = 0.0517 | -0.01 (0.02) | p = 0.6749 |
Psychiatric Diagnosis | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
    no | 351 (71.8) | 0.51 (0.18) |  | Ref |  |
    yes | 138 (28.2) | 0.44 (0.18) | p < 0.0001 | -0.04 (0.02) | p = 0.0399 |
Bladder Incontinence | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
    no | 298 (60.9) | 0.52 (0.19) |  | Ref |  |
    yes | 191 (39.1) | 0.45 (0.17) | p < 0.0001 | -0.05 (0.02) | p = 0.0064 |
Pressure Ulcer | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
    no | 440 (90.0) | 0.49 (0.18) |  | Ref |  |
    yes (any stage 1-4) | 20 (4.1) | 0.43 (0.10) | p = 0.1634 | -0.03 (0.04) | p = 0.4338 |
    missing value | 29 (5.9) | 0.48 (0.22) | p = 0.7278 | -0.08 (0.04) | p = 0.0142 |
Urinary Tract Infection | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
    no | 472 (96.5) | 0.49 (0.19) |  | Ref |  |
    yes | 17 (3.5) | 0.40 (0.15) | p = 0.0325 | -0.09 (0.04) | p = 0.0299 |