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Table 5 Presence and influence on dignity per item in a group of nursing home residents (N = 95), ordered per domain

From: Assessing the validity and intra-observer agreement of the MIDAM-LTC; an instrument measuring factors that influence personal dignity in long-term care facilities

Item

Yes, present1%

Influence on dignity2

  

Mean

% (very) much

(I) Evaluation of self in relation to others

   

Feeling worthless for friends and family

16.8

3.25

43.8

Not looking well-groomed

5.3

3.20

40.0

Very little self-respect

16.8

3.00

35.7

Not made any meaning or lasting contribution

5.3

3.00

40.0

Lost control over my life

43.2

2.78

34.1

Not able to oversee what’s happening to me

32.6

2.77

35.5

No longer feeling like the person I was before

55.8

2.58

30.2

A changed physical appearance*

25.3

1.87

16.7

(II) Functional status

   

Not able to carry out usual activities

48.9

3.17

58.7

Impaired sight despite using aids

29.5

3.07

57.1

Incontinence

53.7

2.80

35.3

Not able to wash, dress or go to the toilet independently

83.2

2.59

24.1

Not able to do domestic tasks

95.8

2.58

27.5

Hampered communication due to impaired hearing/speech

30.5

2.55

34.5

Physical complaints

67.4

2.55

29.7

Using medical-technical aids

98.9

2.38

29.8

Not able to eat and drink independently*

7.4

2.14

14.3

(III) Mental state

   

Lost fighting spirit

26.3

3.00

44.0

Feeling depressed

31.6

2.87

26.7

Mentally unable to take decisions**

9.5

2.44

22.2

Being forgetful*

47.4

2.24

20.0

(IV) Care and situational aspects

   

Not treated with respect by caregivers

16.8

3.25

50.0

Little privacy

37.9

2.94

38.9

Receiving little attention for my wishes from doctors

23.7

2.86

36.4

Insufficient opportunity to live according to beliefs or religion

6.3

2.83

33.3

Receiving little attention and care from people around me

17.9

2.38

25.0

Added items specific for LTC setting

   

Not being taken seriously

21.3

3.10

40.0

Difficulties with adjusting to the nursing home

23.2

2.95

45.5

Feeling bored and experiencing every day as the same

36.2

2.74

38.2

Missing the things I left behind

80.9

2.62

36.8

Feeling guilty about calling on the nurses a lot

57.4

2.56

24.1

Waiting a long time for help

58.9

2.53

29.1

No longer feeling part of society

55.3

2.50

32.7

Receiving little time from nurses*

55.8

2.43

22.6

Little opportunity to shower*

38.9

2.33

22.2

Difficult to be in living room with 'unknown’ others

22.3

2.25

25.0

A lot of different nurses*

61.7

2.24

19.0

Small room in nursing home*

37.6

2.09

20.6

Having little contact with other residents*

58.5

2.02

20.4

  1. 1Presence: between 0 and 2 missing observations per item.
  2. 2Influence on dignity: between 0 and 2 missing observations per item (of the respondents who indicated that an item applied to their life).
  3. *For this item the mean score for influence on dignity is lower than 2.50, and less than 25% of the nursing home residents to whom the item applied indicated this to influence their dignity quite a lot or very much (score 4 or 5); this item will therefore be removed from the instrument.
  4. **Although the criteria for omission are met by this item, we reasoned to keep this item in the instrument in a reformulated phrase.
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Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

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