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Table 2 Nonprimary endpoints used in medical labeling (2000-2012)

From: Potential of patient-reported outcomes as nonprimary endpoints in clinical trials

Product

Date of approval

Indication

PRO measures included

Protonix

February 2, 2000

Short-term treatment in the healing and symptomatic relief of erosive esophagitis

Daily diary: frequency and severity of acid regurgitation, dysphagia, and daytime and nighttime symptoms

Frova

January 18, 2001

Acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults

Headache diary with associated symptoms

Foradil

February 16, 2001

Maintenance treatment of asthma and prevention of bronchospasm in adults and children aged 5 years and older

Daily diary: nighttime asthma symptom score, daytime asthma symptom score, number of inhalations of rescue medication

Acute prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm

Nexium

February 20, 2001

Short-term treatment in the healing and symptomatic resolution of diagnostically confirmed erosive esophagitis

Daily symptom diary

Maintenance of symptom resolution and healing of erosive esophagitis

Treatment of heartburn and other symptoms related to GERD

Treatment of patients with H. pylori infection and duodenal ulcer disease

Elidel

December 13, 2001

Short-term and intermittent long-term therapy in the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis

Unnamed purities assessment

Emend

March 27, 2003

Prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy

FLIE

Nevanac

August 19, 2005

Treatment of pain and inflammation associated with cataract surgery

Ocular pain scale

Chantix

May 10, 2006

Aid to smoking cessation treatment

QSU-Brief

MNWS

SEI

Vyvanse

February 23, 2007

Treatment of ADHD

CPRS

Soliris

March 16, 2007

Treatment of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria to reduce hemolysis

FACIT-Fatigue

EORTC QLQ-C30

Letairis

June 15, 2007

Treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (WHO Group I) in patients with WHO class II or III symptoms to improve exercise capacity and delay clinical worsening

SF-36 Health Survey

Durezol

June 23, 2008

Treatment of inflammation and pain associated with ocular surgery

VAS – eye pain/discomfort

VAS – photophobia

Ampyra

January 22, 2010

Indicated to improve walking in patients with multiple sclerosis

MSWS-12

Egrifta

November 10, 2010

Reduction of excess abdominal fat in HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy

Distress associated with belly appearance

Arcapta

July 1, 2011

Long-term, once-daily maintenance bronchodilator treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with COPD, including chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema

Rescue medication use

Symptom diary

SGRQ

Firazyr

August 25, 2011

Treatment of acute attacks of hereditary angioedema

Symptom VAS

Rescue medication

Jakafi

November 16, 2011

Treatment of patients with intermediate or high-risk myelofibrosis, including primary myelofibrosis, postpolycythemia vera myelofibrosis and postessential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis

MFSAF diary

Kalydeco

January 31, 2012

Treatment of cystic fibrosis in patients aged 6 years and older who have a G551D mutation in the CFTR gene

CFQ-R (symptoms domain)

Asclera

March 30, 2010

Treatment of uncomplicated spider veins and uncomplicated reticular veins in the lower extremity

Patient satisfaction using a verbal rating scale

  1. ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; CFQ-R, Cystic fibrosis questionnaire-revised; CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CPRS, Conners’ parent rating scale; EORTC QLQ-C30, European organisation for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire - core questionnaire; FACIT, Functional assessment of chronic illness therapy; FLIE, Functional living index-emesis; GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; MFSAF, Myelofibrosis Symptom assessment form; MNWS, Minnesota nicotine withdrawal scale; MSWS-12, 12-item multiple sclerosis walking scale; PRO, patient-reported outcome; QSU-Brief, Brief questionnaire of smoking urges; SEI, Smoking effects inventory; SGRQ, St. George’s respiratory questionnaire; VAS, visual analogue scale; WHO, World health organization.