Regensburg Insomnia Scale (RIS): a new short rating scale for the assessment of psychological symptoms and sleep in insomnia; Study design: development and validation of a new short self-rating scale in a sample of 218 patients suffering from insomnia and 94 healthy controls

Table 4 Pre post data of 38 patients with PI who had been treated with CBT-I

Item	Baseline	Post (6 months)	Participants’t-test	Effect size d
	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)
RIS score	23.45 (4.8)	16.05 (5.36)	9.52 (p < .0005)	0.37
1. Sleep latency	1.87 (1.39)	1.13 (0.87)	3.37 (p = .002)	0.44
2. Sleep duration	1.87 (1.12)	1.68 (1.22)	n.s.
3. Sleep continuity	3.37 (1.12)	2.97 (1.22)	2.57 (p = .014)	0.29
4. Early awakening	3.16 (1.03)	2.79 (1.02)	2.67 (p = .011)	0.36
5. Easy awakening	2.55 (1.15)	2.11 (1.20)	2.67 (p = .011)	0.37
6. Sleepless nights	1.82 (1.04)	1.39 (0.95)	2.20 (p = .034)	0.43
7. Thinking about sleep	2.24 (0.92)	1.68 (0.93)	3.70 (p = .001)	0.78
8. Fear of insomnia	1.61 (1.17)	1.18 (1.11)	2.46 (p = .019)	0.32
9. Impaired daytime	2.37 (1.02)	2.00 (1.15)	2.06 (p = .046)	0.32
10. Hypnotic intake	2.61 (2.60)	0.79 (0.79)	6.12 (p < .0005)	0.95
PSQI score	14.37 (2.52)	11.29 (3.52)	5.56 (p < .0005)	0.34
1. Sleep quality	2.05 (0.65)	1.66 (0.81)	3.58 (p = .001)	0.60
2. Sleep latency	2.16 (1.05)	1.66 (1.05)	3.24 (p = .003)	0.45
3. Sleep duration	2.68 (0.57)	2.47 (0.73)	n.s.
4. Sleep efficiency	2.63 (0.63)	2.18 (0.98)	2.82 (p = .008)	0.61
5. Sleep disorders	1.21 (0.53)	1.34 (0.53)	n.s.
6. Hypnotics intake	2.08 (1.30)	0.66 (1.10)	6.50 (p < .0005)	0.97
7. Daytime sleepiness	1.55 (0.92)	1.31 (0.84)	n.s.	n.s.

Means and standard deviation of scores and items of RIS and subscales of PSQI. Cohen’s d values for effect sizes of CBT-I.

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