Table 1 Socio-demographics and health variables sample characteristics
Total | Men | Women | P | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 4900) | (n = 2671) (54.5%) | (n = 2229) (45.5%) | |||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | ||
Age (range 18–93) | 36.2 | 11.5 | 37.2 | 11.5 | 34.8 | 11.4 | 0.000 |
18–24 | 643 | 13.3 | 276 | 10.6 | 358 | 16.5 | |
25–34 | 1841 | 38.1 | 928 | 35.7 | 899 | 41.4 | |
35–44 | 13 | 27.1 | 780 | 30.0 | 515 | 23.7 | |
45–54 | 671 | 13.9 | 399 | 15.3 | 259 | 11.9 | |
55–64 | 265 | 5.5 | 161 | 6.2 | 95 | 4.4 | |
65 or more | 104 | 2.2 | 58 | 2.2 | 45 | 2.1 | |
Marital status | |||||||
Never married | 3323 | 72.7 | 1734 | 70.2 | 1589 | 75.6 | 0.000 |
Married/cohabitating | 982 | 21.5 | 594 | 24.1 | 388 | 18.5 | 0.000 |
Separated/divorced/widowed | 265 | 5.8 | 141 | 5.7 | 124 | 5.9 | 0.783 |
Education | |||||||
Grade 7 or less | 1269 | 26.3 | 745 | 28.8 | 502 | 23.2 | 0.000 |
Grade 8–11 | 2213 | 45.9 | 1126 | 47.4 | 960 | 44.3 | 0.031 |
Grade 12 or more | 1336 | 27.7 | 613 | 23.7 | 704 | 32.5 | 0.000 |
Poverty index (5–20) | |||||||
Low (5) | 1592 | 35.0 | 882 | 35.2 | 710 | 34.4 | |
Medium (6–12) | 2195 | 48.2 | 1117 | 47.2 | 1018 | 49.3 | |
High (13–20) | 768 | 16.9 | 433 | 17.4 | 335 | 16.2 | |
Geolocality | |||||||
Urban residence | 3151 | 66.2 | 1691 | 65.4 | 1460 | 67.2 | 0.212 |
Rural residence | 877 | 18.4 | 480 | 18.6 | 397 | 18.3 | 0.780 |
Informal settlement | 730 | 15.3 | 413 | 16.0 | 317 | 14.6 | 0.181 |
Health variables | |||||||
New TB patient | 3650 | 76.6 | 1946 | 75.2 | 1704 | 78.4 | |
Retreatment TB patient | 1113 | 23.4 | 643 | 24.8 | 470 | 21.6 | |
HIV positive | 2585 | 59.9 | 1222 | 53.4 | 1363 | 67.4 | |
HIV negative | 1728 | 40.1 | 1068 | 46.6 | 660 | 32.6 | |
Other chronic illnesses | |||||||
Zero | 3042 | 72.7 | 1681 | 75.1 | 1361 | 70.0 | 0.001 |
One | 680 | 16.3 | 335 | 15.0 | 345 | 17.7 | |
Two | 293 | 7.0 | 151 | 6.7 | 142 | 7.3 | |
Three or more | 167 | 4.0 | 71 | 3.2 | 96 | 4.9 | |
Partner HIV positive | 1192 | 27.2 | 600 | 25.0 | 592 | 29.8 | |
Partner HIV negative or unknown status | 3194 | 72.8 | 1800 | 75.0 | 1394 | 70.2 | |
Tobacco use (daily or almost daily) | 964 | 20.0 | 777 | 29.5 | 187 | 8.5 | 0.000 |
Hazardous or harmful alcohol use | 1120 | 23.3 | 820 | 31.8 | 280 | 13.0 | 0.000 |
Psychological distress (K >15) | 3913 | 81.1 | 2127 | 80.8 | 1786 | 81.4 | 0.245 |
Had sex in the past 3 months | 2318 | 51.3 | 1336 | 54.1 | 982 | 48.0 | 0.000 |
On antiretroviral therapy | 899 | 22.1 | 401 | 18.8 | 498 | 25.8 | 0.000 |
Adherence to TB treatment | 2191 | 61.1 | 1153 | 64.1 | 1038 | 68.6 | 0.007 |
Adherence to ART | 561 | 58.2 | 261 | 52.6 | 300 | 64.1 | 0.000 |