The impact of preterm birth <37 weeks on parents and families: a cross-sectional study in the 2 years after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit

Lakshmanan, Ashwini; Agni, Meghana; Lieu, Tracy; Fleegler, Eric; Kipke, Michele; Friedlich, Philippe S.; McCormick, Marie C.; Belfort, Mandy B.

doi:10.1186/s12955-017-0602-3

Table 4 Adjusted associations of potentially modifiable characteristics with impact on parent emotion and time limitation scores (n = 196)^a

From: The impact of preterm birth <37 weeks on parents and families: a cross-sectional study in the 2 years after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit

Characteristics	Total (n = 196)^b
	Parent emotion points (95% confidence interval)	p-value
Use of community based resources
Enrollment in early intervention	4.2 (−12, 20.5)	0.6
Use of social services^c	−2.3 (−14, 9.5)	0.7
Use of public housing	7.9 (−13, 29)	0.5
Receive supplemental security income	0.5 (−12, 13.3)	0.9
Use of a community based clinic for primary care	1.9 (−12.3, 16)	0.8
Financial burden since infant discharge
Family member has taken ≥ 3 h/week off from work without pay	−12.4 (−20, −4)	0.004
Family member has received compensation by employer for time off	4.5 (−4.3, 14)	0.3
No compensation (from any source) for time off	−5.2 (−16, 5)	0.4
Financial burden
Unexpected costs	−2.7 (−11, 6)	0.6
Increased bills	−5 (−17, 7)	0.4
Increased out-of-pocket expenses	2.5 (−9, 14)	0.4
Financial worry	−4.7 (−13, 3)	0.3
Collections discussed prior to discharge	1.1 (−9, 12)	0.8
Enrollment in medi-caid	4.9 (−5, 15)	0.4
Health related social problems
Unsafe home environment^d	−1.2 (−14, 12)	0.8
Social isolation^e	−11.2 (−21, −1)	0.03
Characteristics	Total (n = 196)
	Parent limitation on time score points (95% Confidence Interval)	p-value
Use of community based resources
Enrollment in early intervention	20.2 (5.6, 34)	0.007
Use of social services^c	1.9 (−8.7, 12.5)	0.7
Use of public housing	3.5 (−15, 22)	0.7
Receive supplemental security income	0.1 (−15, 22)	0.7
Use of a community based clinic for primary care	5.5 (−7, 18)	0.4
Financial burden since infant discharge
Family member has taken ≥ 3 h/week off from work without pay	−8.8 (−16.9, −1)	0.03
Family member has received compensation by employer for time off	5.4 (−3.5, 15)	0.2
No compensation (from any source) for time off	−10.3 (−21, 0.5)	0.07
Financial burden
Unexpected costs	−1 (−9, 9)	0.9
Increased bills	−4.9 (−17, 7.4)	0.4
Increased out-of-pocket expenses	3.2 (−8, 15)	0.6
Financial worry	−10.4 (−18, −2)	0.01
Collections discussed prior to discharge	−6 (−17, 4.7)	0.3
Enrollment in medi-caid	12.6 (2.6, 22)	0.01
Health related social problems
Unsafe home environment^d	−13.2 (−26, −1)	0.04
Social isolation^e	−11.4 (−21, −2)	0.02

^aEstimates represent differences in points on Infant and Toddler Life Questionnaire (range of possible scores, 0 to 100). Lower scores represent higher impact
^bModels adjusted for: infant birthweight (per 500 g increase), race, family annual household income, infant co-morbidities during hospitalization in NICU (including: growth restriction, surfactant deficiency, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage grade 3 or 4, patent ductus arteriosus, retinopathy of prematurity)
^cUse of one or more public assistance programs: Supplemental nutritional assistance program for Women, Infants and Children, Transitional Aid to Families with Dependent Children, Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program
^dUnsafe home environment constitutes water leaks, pests, or no heat
^eSocial isolation defined by positive response to query about feelings of isolation

Back to article page

ISSN: 1477-7525

Contact us

Submission enquiries: journalsubmissions@springernature.com

Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

Contact us