Fig. 4

Proxy-reported quality of life. Estimated mean scores on KINDL-R subdomains (0–100) compared between adolescents in RYC with childhood maltreatment histories, nonmaltreated adolescents in RYC, and adolescents from the general population. The reports were completed by adolescents’ primary contacts at the institution (for adolescents in RYC) or parents (for the general population). Error bars illustrate the 95 % confidence intervals of the mean scores. The subscale scores were compared by using ANCOVA, adjusted for age and sex. Pairwise comparisons were carried out by combining the global F-test with the local least significance difference test to preserve the familywise error rate (FWER). Mean scores, confidence intervals and p-values are presented in table 4 (Appendix 1)