Adolescents’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL) changes over time: a three year longitudinal study

Table 1 Means and standard deviations from the repeated measures ANOVA for Time 1, Time 2, and Time 3 (n = 403)

KIDSCREEN dimensions	Statistics	Time 1	Time 2	Time 3	European norms^a
Physical Well-being	Mean	46.58	46.33	46.33	48.57
	SD	7.78	8.57	8.19
Psychological Well-being	Mean	39.27	38.68	38.80	48.83
	SD	6.72	5.94	5.98
Autonomy and Parent Relations	Mean	49.32	50.42	50.01	49.41
Autonomy and Parent Relations	SD	12.46	13.66	12.94
Social Support and Peers	Mean	52.47	52.03	50.75	49.62
	SD	10.98	12.17	11.74
School Environment	Mean	50.91	51.77	50.12	48.44
	SD	11.06	11.39	11.86

^a These norms are based on the KIDSCREEN European normative samples for male and female adolescents aged 12–18 years [18]

ISSN: 1477-7525