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Table 2 Predictors of depression in the elderly population with type 2 diabetes mellitus and enrolled in a Medicare health maintenance organization

From: Self-reported predictors of depressive symptomatology in an elderly population with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study

 

Depressive symptomatology

Independent variables

Sample (n = 792)

Only insulin (n = 252)

Only sulfonylurea (n = 562)

Combination therapy (n = 71)

 

Odds ratio (95% CI)

Odds ratio (95% CI)

Odds ratio (95% CI)

Odds ratio (95% CI)

Age (years)

0.97 (0.94–0.99)*

0.97 (0.94–1.1)

0.97 (0.95–1.00)

0.99 (0.92–1.06)

Male gender

0.67 (.43–1.05)

0.99 (0.47–2.1)

0.48 (0.28–0.82)*

0.62 (0.16–2.36)

Health related quality of life

0.97 (0.96–0.98)*

0.97 (0.95–0.99)*

0.97 (0.96–0.98)*

0.95 (0.91–0.99)*

ADLs causing problems

0.87 (0.71–1.1)

0.83 (0.59–1.12)

0.83 (0.61–1.15)

0.64 (0.23–1.71)

IADLs causing problems

1.31 (1.14–0.52)*

1.24 (1.01–1.53)*

1.29 (1.07–1.56)*

1.31(0.82–2.08)

No of Prescription

1.02 (0.77–1.35)

2.06 (0.90–4.72)

0.91 (0.68–1.23)

0.79 (0.23–2.71)

Hospitalizations during previous year

0.93 (.64–1.28)

1.28 (0.80–2.05)

0.58 (0.35–0.95)*

0.81 (0.31–2.08)

ER visits during previous year

1.22 (0.90–1.66)

1.10 (0.68–1.78)

1.51 (1.04–2.18)*

1.06 (0.49–2.26)

Insulin therapy

0.88 (0.31–2.52)

-

-

-

Sulfonylurea therapy

1.49 (0.55–4.03)

-

-

-

Combination therapy

1.66 (0.54–5.12)

-

-

-

  1. *Statistically significant at p < 0.05.
  2. ADLs = Activities of Daily Living; IADLs = Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; ER = Emergency room.