Posttraumatic growth, depressive symptoms, posttraumatic stress symptoms, post-migration stressors and quality of life in multi-traumatized psychiatric outpatients with a refugee background in Norway

Table 2 Description and bivariate correlations of study variables

Variables	I	II	III	IV	V	VI	VII	VIII	IX	X	XI	XII	XIII	XIV
I Age	-	-.282*	.251	.208	-.095	-.231	.212	.264	.-.238	-.127	-.135	.096	-.143	-.119
II Gender			-.082	.014	-.041	.193	-.272*	-.122	.083	.165	.077	-.162	.235	.038
III Weak social network				.450**	.192	.-468***	.346*	.500***	-.351**	-.532***	-.611***	-.558***	-.392**	-.072
IV Poor social integration^a					.278*	-.250	.378**	.528***	-.319*	-.365**	-.477***	−396**	.-376**	−0.93
V Unemployment						-.252	.140	.229	-.343*	-.312*	-.369**	-.384**	-.194	-.111
VI PTGI-SF							-.352**	-.465***	.508***	.582***	.411**	.489***	.467***	.415**
VII IES-R								.694***	-.452**	-.529***	-.453**	-.382**	-.654***	-.341*
VIII HSCL-25-Depresion									-.587***	−583***	−542***	-.508***	-.699***	-.320*
IX Physical										.732***	.464***	.481***	.615***	.565***
X Psychological											.542***	.530***	.710***	.476***
XI Social												.621***	.387**	.070
XII Environmental													.477***	.326*
XIII Overall QoL														.672***
XIV Overall health														-
N	55	55	54	55	52	55	54	55	55	55	55	55	55	54
M	42.01	-	8.00	10.20	-	22.58	51.74	2.71	9.15	9.48	10.93	10.71	2.40	2.13
SD	9.14	-	2.91	2.56	-	10.03	17.08	0.64	2.37	2.51	3.09	2.43	0.89	0.95
Range	40	-	11	12	-	39	73	2.27	10.86	10.67	12	11	3	4

Note: (*) Poor social integration = Social Integration Index reversed; PTGI-SF= Posttraumatic Growth Inventory- Short Form; IES-R= Impact of Event Scale; HSCL-25-Depresion = Hopkins Symptom Checklist Scale-Depression subscale; Physical = WHO Quality of Life –Bref DOM1; Psychological = WHO Quality of Life –Bref DOM2; Social = WHO Quality of Life –Bref DOM3; Environment= WHO Quality of Life –Bref DOM4; Overall QoL = WHO Quality of Life –Bref, item 1; Overall health= WHO Quality of Life –Bref, item 2.
- Spearman’s rho nonparametric correlations were used for all variables, with the exception for the variables of gender and employment where Kendall tau b were used.
*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.

ISSN: 1477-7525