Impact of long-COVID on health-related quality of life in Japanese COVID-19 patients

Table 4 Results of linear regression analysis about (a) EQ-VAS, (b) EQ-5D-3L index score

Variable	Coefficient	95% confidence interval	P value
(a)
Intercept	85.7	[75.1, 96.4]	< 0.001
Ongoing prolonged symptoms	− 11.7	[− 15.0, − 8.5]	< 0.001
Age	0.03	[− 0.11, 0.17]	0.642
Male	3.2	[0.2, 6.2]	0.038
BMI	− 0.3	[− 0.6, 0.1]	0.125
Smoking	0.2	[− 2.8, 3.2]	0.882
Drinking	2.6	[− 1.1, 6.2]	0.171
Hypertension	− 0.2	[− 4.6, 4.2]	0.924
Diabetes	− 4.7	[− 11.0, 1.6]	0.142
Malignancy	− 4.1	[− 16.2, 8.0]	0.507
Inpatient	− 2.9	[− 5.9, 0.2]	0.066
Use of antivirals	− 1.3	[− 5.7, 3.2]	0.577
Use of steroids	5.3	[0.3, 10.2]	0.036
Severe disease^†	5.4	[− 4.8, 15.6]	0.30
(b)
Intercept	0.97	[0.89, 1.05]	< 0.001
Ongoing prolonged symptoms	− 0.10	[− 0.13, − 0.08]	< 0.001
Age	0.00002	[− 0.00001, 0.00003]	0.969
Male	0.02	[− 0.01, 0.05]	0.052
BMI	0.0008	[− 0.001, 0.002]	0.560
Smoking	− 0.01	[− 0.03, 0.01]	0.383
Drinking	0.02	[− 0.01, 0.05]	0.255
Hypertension	− 0.003	[− 0.04, 0.03]	0.860
Diabetes	− 0.05	[− 0.1, 0.01]	0.068
Malignancy	0.002	[− 0.1, 0.1]	0.959
Inpatient	− 0.02	[− 0.04, 0.01]	0.144
Use of antivirals	0.02	[− 0.02, 0.05]	0.301
Use of steroids	0.02	[− 0.02, 0.06]	0.386
Severe disease^†	0.05	[− 0.03, 0.13]	0.264

P values below 0.05 are given in bold
^†Use of mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during admission

ISSN: 1477-7525