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Table 2 Characteristics of developmental and cross-validation samples

From: Improving multimorbidity measurement using individualized disease-specific quality of life impact assessments: predictive validity of a new comorbidity index

 

Developmental Sample (N = 5418)

Cross-Validation Sample (N = 3949)

 

Developmental Sample (N = 5418)

Cross-Validation Sample (N = 3949)

Age

Condition (%)

Mean (SD)

59.5 (13.7)

48.3 (16.5)

Angina

8.0

2.1

Range

18–7

18–94

Myocardial infarctionc

2.3

0.7

Male (%)

42.8

49.5

Congestive heart failurec

8.8

1.7

Race/Ethnicity (%)

Diabetesc

41.1

11.2

White non-Hispanic

79.9

77.8

Asthmac

31.3

11.3

Black non-Hispanic

7.9

8.5

COPDc

11.7

3.4

Hispanic

5.9

8.0

Kidney diseasec

7.2

1.8

Other non-Hispanic

6.3

5.7

Osteoarthritis

38.8

11.1

Education (%)

Rheumatoid arthritisc

16.7

5.1

 < HS graduate

3.3

6.7

Allergies, chronic

33.8

19.2

High school graduate

18.4

27.4

Allergies, seasonal

50.4

36.6

Some college

38.0

31.9

Anemia

16.6

9.2

College graduate

40.3

34.0

Cancer (non-skin) c

11.6

6.1

Income (%)

Chronic back problems

33.9

17.9

 < $20,000

12.5

14.2

Chronic fatigue syndrome

4.3

2.2

$20,000–39,999

21.6

21.1

Depression

19.5

12.1

$40,000–99,999

48.6

41.9

Dermatitis/skin conditions

14.9

9.4

$100,000 + 

17.3

22.8

Enlarged prostate (BPH)

11.2

5.3

Employment Status (%)

Erectile dysfunction

12.6

5.4

Employed

38.4

54.9

Fibromyalgia

7.2

2.6

Unemployed

4.3

7.2

Hearing, trouble

20.7

10.7

Retired due to age

32.5

16.2

HIV or AIDSc

0.5

0.5

Disableda

14.3

6.7

Hypertension

58.4

30.9

Otherb

9.8

14.1

Hypothyroidism

16.9

8.5

Missing

0.7

0.9

Irritable bowel syndrome

12.8

7.3

Joint problems, foot/ankle

20.2

9.9

Generic QOL Mean (SD)

Joint problems, hip/knee

40.9 

19.9

SF-8 MCS

49.3 (9.9)

50.5 (9.4)

Limb, limitations in use

12.8

5.8

Liver Diseasec

3.1

1.9

SF-8 PCS

44.2 (10.5)

50.0 (9.0)

Migraine headaches

18.7

13.1

Obesity

35.0

17.2

Osteoporosis

11.4

5.1

Strokec

5.2

2.1

Ulcer/stomach diseasec

13.8

7.8

Vision, trouble

15.0

9.2

  1. aRetired due to disability. bHomemaker, student, other. Joint problems and limb limitations were not counted as separate conditions if the participant reported osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. cCondition used in estimating Charlson CI