Table 2 Demographic characteristics by attrition
From: Predicting panel attrition in longitudinal HRQoL surveys during the COVID-19 pandemic in the US
Wave 1 characteristics | Wave 2 characteristics | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Not in wave 2 (n = 1267) | In wave 2 (n = 1467) | P value | Not in wave 3 (n = 1490) | In wave 3 (n = 964) | P value | |
Age, years, mean (SD) | 41.6 (14.7) | 43.4 (14.0) | 0.002* | 37.7 (11.9) | 45.3 (14.0) | < 0.001* |
Age group, n (%) | < 0.001* | < 0.001* | ||||
18–24 | 118 (9.3) | 74 (5.0) | 71 (4.8) | 30 (3.1) | ||
25–34 | 398 (31.4) | 412 (28.1) | 679 (45.6) | 232 (24.1) | ||
35–44 | 287 (22.7) | 373 (25.4) | 346 (23.2) | 250 (25.9) | ||
45–54 | 141 (11.1) | 227 (15.5) | 216 (14.5) | 164 (17.0) | ||
55–64 | 217 (17.1) | 239 (16.3) | 129 (8.7) | 170 (17.6) | ||
> = 65 | 106 (8.4) | 142 (9.7) | 49 (3.3) | 118 (12.2) | ||
Gender, n (%) | 0.808 | 0.343 | ||||
Male | 613 (48.4) | 727 (49.6) | 850 (57.0) | 521 (54.0) | ||
Female | 641 (50.6) | 724 (49.4) | 634 (42.6) | 439 (45.5) | ||
Other | 13 (1.0) | 16 (1.1) | 6 (0.4) | 4 (0.4) | ||
Race, n (%) | 0.129 | < 0.001* | ||||
White | 851 (67.2) | 1028 (70.1) | 1126 (75.6) | 752 (78.0) | ||
Black or African American | 92 (7.3) | 106 (7.2) | 235 (15.8) | 72 (7.5) | ||
Asian | 79 (6.2) | 105 (7.2) | 59 (4.0) | 86 (8.9) | ||
American Indian or Alaska Native | 10 (0.8) | 7 (0.5) | 19 (1.3) | 5 (0.5) | ||
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 3 (0.2) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) | ||
Multiple races | 213 (16.8) | 195 (13.3) | 35 (2.3) | 30 (3.1) | ||
Other | 19 (1.5) | 25 (1.7) | 16 (1.1) | 18 (1.9) | ||
Ethnicity, n (%) | < 0.001* | < 0.001* | ||||
Non-Hispanic | 1086 (85.7) | 1360 (92.7) | 1071 (71.9) | 916 (95.0) | ||
Hispanic | 170 (13.4) | 98 (6.7) | 397 (26.6) | 43 (4.5) | ||
Prefer not to say | 11 (0.9) | 9 (0.6) | 22 (1.5) | 5 (0.5) | ||
Education, n (%) | 0.130 | < 0.001* | ||||
Less than high school degree | 5 (0.4) | 9 (0.6) | 3 (0.2) | 4 (0.4) | ||
High school degree or equivalent (eg. GED) | 114 (9.0) | 150 (10.2) | 78 (5.2) | 100 (10.4) | ||
Some college but no degree | 210 (16.6) | 247 (16.8) | 125 (8.4) | 150 (15.6) | ||
Associate degree | 128 (10.1) | 188 (12.8) | 113 (7.6) | 124 (12.9) | ||
Bachelor’s degree | 584 (46.1) | 619 (42.2) | 793 (53.2) | 410 (42.5) | ||
Graduate degree | 226 (17.8) | 254 (17.3) | 377 (25.3) | 176 (18.3) | ||
Don’t know | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | ||
Marital status, n (%) | 0.348 | < 0.001* | ||||
Single | 483 (38.1) | 587 (40.0) | 403 (27.0) | 382 (39.6) | ||
Married | 610 (48.1) | 666 (45.4) | 1013 (68.0) | 411 (42.6) | ||
Separated | 7 (0.6) | 16 (1.1) | 16 (1.1) | 13 (1.3) | ||
Divorced | 117 (9.2) | 148 (10.1) | 48 (3.2) | 122 (12.7) | ||
Widowed | 36 (2.8) | 39 (2.7) | 7 (0.5) | 28 (2.9) | ||
Prefer not to say | 14 (1.1) | 11 (0.7) | 3 (0.2) | 8 (0.8) | ||
Region, n (%) | 0.132 | < 0.001* | ||||
Northeast | 237 (18.7) | 261 (17.8) | 275 (18.5) | 165 (17.1) | ||
Midwest | 250 (19.7) | 275 (18.7) | 230 (15.4) | 195 (20.2) | ||
South | 436 (34.4) | 568 (38.7) | 529 (35.5) | 370 (38.4) | ||
West | 344 (27.1) | 363 (24.7) | 456 (30.6) | 234 (24.3) | ||
Income, n (%) | 0.264 | < 0.001* | ||||
Less than $20,000 | 131 (10.3) | 150 (10.2) | 109 (7.3) | 100 (10.4) | ||
$20,000–$34,999 | 201 (15.9) | 222 (15.1) | 196 (13.2) | 155 (16.1) | ||
$35,000–$49,999 | 242 (19.1) | 237 (16.2) | 334 (22.4) | 148 (15.4) | ||
$50,000–$74,999 | 313 (24.7) | 375 (25.6) | 465 (31.2) | 237 (24.6) | ||
$75,000–$99,999 | 184 (14.5) | 256 (17.5) | 260 (17.4) | 169 (17.5) | ||
$100,000–$149,999 | 144 (11.4) | 162 (11.0) | 86 (5.8) | 114 (11.8) | ||
Over $150,000 | 52 (4.1) | 65 (4.4) | 40 (2.7) | 41 (4.3) | ||
Insurance status, n (%) | 0.099 | < 0.001* | ||||
Commercial or private | 578 (45.6) | 726 (49.5) | 419 (28.1) | 494 (51.2) | ||
Medicare | 192 (15.2) | 186 (12.7) | 593 (39.8) | 154 (16.0) | ||
Medicaid/ACA | 244 (19.3) | 269 (18.3) | 256 (17.2) | 194 (20.1) | ||
Self-pay/None/Don’t know | 253 (20.0) | 286 (19.5) | 222 (14.9) | 122 (12.7) | ||
Political affiliation | 0.858 | < 0.001* | ||||
Republican | 373 (29.4) | 421 (28.7) | 589 (39.5) | 248 (25.7) | ||
Democrat | 596 (47.0) | 681 (46.4) | 596 (40.0) | 451 (46.8) | ||
Independent | 288 (22.7) | 354 (24.1) | 278 (18.7) | 225 (23.3) | ||
None of the above | 10 (0.8) | 11 (0.7) | 27 (1.8) | 40 (4.1) | ||