Table 3 Linear regression models in which baseline health behavior (HBSS2003) or its change (HBSSchange) predicts follow-up subjective well-being (SWBscore2012)
From: Changed health behavior improves subjective well-being and vice versa in a follow-up of 9 years
Model | HBSS2003 β p-value (standard error) | HBSSchange p-value | SWBscore2003 β p-value (standard error) | Age p-value | Gender p-value | Education p-value | Diseases p-value | Negative life events p-value | AIC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1.0: Crude model, no covariates | − 0.51 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 55,200 |
< .001 | |||||||||
(0.033) | |||||||||
Model 1.1: Model 1.0 + Age, gender, education, diseases | − 0.47 | – | – | < 0.001 | 0.11 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | – | 54,500 |
< .001 | |||||||||
(0.034) | |||||||||
Model 1.2: Model 1.1 + HBSSchange | − 0.64 | < 0.001 | – | < 0.001 | 0.038 | 0.003 | < 0.001 | – | 51,100 |
p < .001 | |||||||||
(0.040) | |||||||||
Model 1.3: Model 1.1 + SWBscore2003 | − 0.24 | – | 0.44 | < 0.001 | 0.26 | 0.023 | < 0.001 | – | 51,800 |
< .001 | < .001 | ||||||||
(0.031) | (0.0086) | ||||||||
Model 1.4: Model 1.1 + HBSSchange + SWBscore2003 | − 0.36 | < 0.001 | 0.44 | < 0.001 | 0.10 | 0.10 | < 0.001 | – | 48,600 |
< .001 | < .001 | ||||||||
(0.036) | (0.0088) | ||||||||
Final model 1.5: Model 1.4 + Negative life events | − 0.35 | < 0.001 | 0.42 | < 0.001 | 0.45 | 0.038 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 48,300 |
< .001 | < .001 | ||||||||
(0.036) | (0.0088) | ||||||||
Model 1.6: HBSSchange + Age, gender, education, diseases | – | .018 | – | < .001 | 0.42 | < 0.001 | 0.002 | – | 51,300 |
Model 1.7: HBSSchange + SWBscore2003 + Age, gender, education, diseases | – | 0.001 | 0.45 | < 0.001 | 0.88 | < 0.001 | < .001 | – | 48,700 |
< .001 | |||||||||
(0.0088) |