Continued alcohol consumption and hepatic encephalopathy determine quality of life and psychosocial burden of caregivers in patients with liver cirrhosis

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analysis to identify predictors for a higher psychosocial burden (PB) in caregivers in the total cohort, in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, and in patients with non-alcoholic liver cirrhosis

Variable	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
Variable	r	p value	β	p value
Total cohort
Continued alcohol consumption	0.324	0.001	0.280	0.020
History of HE	0.390	< 0.001	0.234	0.010
Health-related Quality of life of patients (CLDQ)	− 0.419	< 0.001	− 0.199	0.030
Quality of life of caregivers (SF-36)	− 0.275	0.005	− 0.250	0.005
Alcoholic liver cirrhosis
Quality of life of patients (CLDQ)	− 0.419	< 0.001	− 0.254	0.083
Continued calcohol consumption	0.449	0.002	0.305	0.030
History of HE	0.390	< 0.001	0.179	0.231
Non-alcoholic liver cirrhosis
Health-related quality of life of patients (CLDQ)	− 0.4	0.002	0.263	0.039
Quality of life of caregivers (SF 36)	− 0.409	0.002	− 0.135	0.299
History of HE	0.389	0.003	0.263	0.039

Gender 1 for male, 2 for female; 1 for Alcohol consumption, 0 for no alcohol consumption; 1 for history of hepatic encephalopathy, 0 for no history of hepatic encephalopathy. Factors not predictive for ZBI in the univariate analysis were gender, age, age of caregiver, sodium, creatine, bilirubin, albumin, INR, CRP, leucocytes, hemoglobin, platelets, MELD, Child–Pugh status, history of ascites, history of spontaneously bacterial peritonitis, history of gastrointestinal bleeding, history of hepatorenal syndrome. With the remaining factors, a multivariate linear regression model with inclusion variable selection was built
HE, hepatic encephalopathy; SF-36, short form health 36; INR, international standardized ratio; CRP, C-reactive protein

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