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Table 3 Bootstrap test results (indirect effects of X on Y)

From: Self-management behavior and fasting plasma glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus over 60 years old: multiple effects of social support on quality of life

Mediation path

Effect

Boot SE

p

95% CI, lower limit

95% CI, upper limit

SS → SM → QOL (a1*b1)

0.1773

0.0410

 < 0.0001

0.1044

0.2688

SS → SM → FPG → QOL (a1*a3*b2)

0.0770

0.0187

 < 0.0001

0.0464

0.1236

SS → FPG → QOL (a2*b2)

0.1929

0.0430

 < 0.0001

0.1165

0.2831

SS → QOL (c—c′)

0.4473

0.0555

 < 0.0001

0.3425

0.5645

SS → QOL (c’)

0.6831

0.1096

 < 0.0001

0.4679

0.8982

c

1.1304

    
  1. SS was the independent variable (X), SM (M1) and FPG (M2) were the mediators, and QOL (Y) was the outcome. a1*b1 and a2*b2 = indirect effects of X on Y through M1 and M2; a1*a3*b2 = indirect effect of X on Y through M1 and M2; and c′ = direct effect of X on Y; c = the total effect of X on Y (a1*b1 + a1*a3*b2 + a2*b2 + c′). The 95% CIs for indirect effects were obtained by bootstrapping with 5,000 resamples. 95% CI, lower limit = lower bound of a 95% CI; 95% CI, upper limit = upper bound of a 95% CI. →  = “affects.”
  2. CI = confidence interval; FPG = fasting plasma glucose; SE = standardized estimate; SM = self-management behavior; SS = social support; QOL = quality of life