Variable | Mobility | Self-care | Usual activities | Pain/discomfort | Anxiety/depression |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender (ref. = Men) |  |  |  |  |  |
Women | 1.06 (0.93–1.21) | 0.83 (0.67–1.04) | 0.84 (0.71–1.00) | 1.27 (1.13–1.43) | 1.29 (1.07–1.57) |
Age (ref. = 18 ~) |  |  |  |  |  |
45–64 | 3.65 (2.22–6.00) | 2.26 (0.91–5.60) | 2.18 (1.20–3.96) | 1.29 (0.99–1.68) | 0.66 (0.46–0.95) |
65–79 | 6.98 (4.22–11.55) | 4.04 (1.62–10.09) | 3.73 (2.04–6.81) | 1.76 (1.33–2.32) | 0.62 (0.42–0.92) |
Education status (ref. = Primary school or below) |  |  |  |  |  |
Middle school | 0.82 (0.71–0.95) | 0.66 (0.51–0.86) | 0.66 (0.54–0.80) | 0.84 (0.74–0.96) | 1.08 (0.88–1.33) |
High school or above | 0.72 (0.58–0.91) | 0.48 (0.31–0.76) | 0.63 (0.46–0.86) | 0.73 (0.60–0.88) | 1.16 (0.87–1.55) |
Marital status (ref. = Married/cohabiting) |  |  |  |  |  |
Widowed/divorced/separated/single | 1.14 (0.97–1.35) | 1.18 (0.91–1.54) | 1.16 (0.94–1.44) | 1.26 (1.08–1.47) | 1.35 (1.06–1.73) |
Per capita monthly income (ref. < 500) |  |  |  |  |  |
500 ~  | 0.68 (0.60–0.79) | 0.67 (0.53–0.85) | 0.70 (0.58–0.83) | 0.78 (0.69–0.88) | 0.75 (0.61–0.92) |
1000 ~  | 0.59 (0.50–0.70) | 0.57 (0.42–0.78) | 0.62 (0.49–0.77) | 0.74 (0.64–0.86) | 0.85 (0.67–1.07) |
2000 ~  | 0.51 (0.38–0.70) | 0.34 (0.17–0.67) | 0.41 (0.26–0.65) | 0.83 (0.65–1.05) | 0.69 (0.46–1.03) |
Physical activity (ref. = Low) |  |  |  |  |  |
Moderate | 0.62 (0.53–0.72) | 0.65 (0.51–0.83) | 0.57 (0.47–0.69) | 0.94 (0.82–1.07) | 0.94 (0.76–1.16) |
High | 0.62 (0.54–0.72) | 0.43 (0.33–0.56) | 0.49 (0.40–0.59) | 1.09 (0.96–1.24) | 0.95 (0.77–1.17) |
Sleep quality (ref. = Good) |  |  |  |  |  |
Poor | 1.92 (1.69–2.19) | 2.64 (2.15–3.24) | 2.20 (1.87–2.59) | 1.99 (1.77–2.23) | 2.58 (2.16–3.07) |
BMI (kg/m2) (ref. < 18.5) |  |  |  |  |  |
18.5 ~  | 0.73 (0.41–1.29) | 1.13 (0.43–2.95) | 1.66 (0.69–3.98) | 1.03 (0.60–1.79) | 0.54 (0.27–1.09) |
24.0 ~  | 0.88 (0.50–1.54) | 0.99 (0.38–2.59) | 1.56 (0.65–3.74) | 1.09 (0.63–1.89) | 0.43 (0.21–0.87) |
28.0 ~  | 1.05 (0.60–1.86) | 1.18 (0.45–3.11) | 1.90 (0.79–4.58) | 1.18 (0.68–2.05) | 0.44 (0.21–0.89) |
NCDs (ref. = Non) |  |  |  |  |  |
One | 1.07 (0.93–1.24) | 1.22 (0.94–1.58) | 1.19 (0.98–1.44) | 1.04 (0.92–1.18) | 1.12 (0.92–1.38) |
Two | 1.52 (1.28–1.80) | 2.18 (1.64–2.88) | 1.82 (1.46–2.27) | 1.47 (1.26–1.71) | 1.87 (1.47–2.38) |
Three or more | 2.32 (1.75–3.07) | 3.31 (2.22–4.94) | 3.04 (2.20–4.21) | 1.65 (1.26–2.16) | 2.68 (1.85–3.88) |