Measuring population health: association of self-rated health and PROMIS measures with social determinants of health in a cross-sectional survey of the US population

Hanmer, Janel

doi:10.1186/s12955-021-01854-1

Table 1 Differences in scores associated with 12 chronic conditions and 30 social determinants of health for self-rated health, PROMIS-Preference, and 7 PROMIS domains

From: Measuring population health: association of self-rated health and PROMIS measures with social determinants of health in a cross-sectional survey of the US population

	Expect OR values < 1.0					Expect negative values of coefficients												Expect positive values of coefficients
	OR SRH	Lower CI	Upper CI	p	PROPr	SE	p	Cog Func	SE	P	PhysFunc	SE	P	Soc roles	SE	P	Depr	SE	P	Fatig	SE	P	Pain Interf	SE	P	Sleep Dist	SE	p
Coronary heart disease	0.379	0.267	0.538	< .0001	*− 0.112*	0.020	< .0001	− 2.2	0.8	0.0031	− *5.1*	0.9	< .0001	− *4.0*	0.8	< .0001	2.9	0.8	0.0002	3.6	0.7	< .0001	3.5	0.9	< .0001	1.6	0.7	0.0207
Angina	0.324	0.188	0.56	< .0001	− *0.191*	0.029	< .0001	− *4.3*	1.1	< .0001	− *8.0*	1.3	< .0001	− *6.0*	1.2	< .0001	*6.2*	1.1	< .0001	*6.2*	1.0	< .0001	*6.8*	1.2	< .0001	3.3	1.1	0.0045
Heart attack	0.282	0.18	0.441	< .0001	− *0.139*	0.024	< .0001	− *4.2*	0.9	< .0001	− *6.5*	1.1	< .0001	− *5.1*	1.0	< .0001	2.5	1.0	0.0106	*4.1*	0.8	< .0001	*5.0*	1.0	< .0001	1.8	0.8	0.0322
Stroke	0.405	0.255	0.643	< .0001	− *0.131*	0.024	< .0001	− 3.2	0.9	0.0004	− *6.6*	1.0	< .0001	− *4.0*	0.9	< .0001	2.4	1.1	0.0266	3.5	0.9	0.0002	3.8	1.1	0.001	0.4	0.9	0.6579
Emphysema	0.21	0.122	0.361	< .0001	− *0.230*	0.023	< .0001	− 3.7	1.1	0.0011	− *9.2*	1.2	< .0001	− *7.9*	1.3	< .0001	*5.2*	1.3	< .0001	*4.9*	1.4	0.0003	*7.6*	1.2	< .0001	*5.0*	1.0	< .0001
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	0.148	0.103	0.212	< .0001	− *0.186*	0.018	< .0001	− 3.6	0.7	< .0001	− *8.2*	0.8	< .0001	− *7.1*	0.8	< .0001	*4.1*	0.8	< .0001	*5.5*	0.8	< .0001	*6.1*	0.8	< .0001	3.0	0.6	< .0001
Asthma	0.546	0.444	0.671	< .0001	− *0.095*	0.012	< .0001	− 1.6	0.4	0.0003	− 3.3	0.5	< .0001	− 3.3	0.5	< .0001	2.4	0.5	< .0001	2.9	0.4	< .0001	3.2	0.5	< .0001	1.7	0.4	< .0001
Cancer	0.853	0.675	1.078	0.1844	− 0.040	0.014	0.0053	− 0.9	0.5	0.0703	− 1.4	0.6	0.0178	− 1.3	0.5	0.0144	0.6	0.6	0.327	1.4	0.5	0.0079	1.1	0.6	0.0546	0.6	0.5	0.2412
Arthritis	0.338	0.281	0.406	< .0001	− *0.165*	0.010	< .0001	− 2.8	0.4	< .0001	− *7.2*	0.4	< .0001	− *5.5*	0.4	< .0001	2.4	0.4	< .0001	*4.4*	0.4	< .0001	*6.9*	0.4	< .0001	3.1	0.3	< .0001
Epilepsy	0.339	0.209	0.548	< .0001	− *0.181*	0.027	< .0001	− *6.1*	1.0	< .0001	− *6.7*	1.4	< .0001	− *5.0*	1.2	< .0001	3.3	1.3	0.0077	*4.1*	1.0	< .0001	*6.2*	1.2	< .0001	2.8	0.8	0.0007
Depression	0.295	0.246	0.354	< .0001	− *0.186*	0.009	< .0001	− *5.0*	0.3	< .0001	− *5.1*	0.4	< .0001	− *6.9*	0.4	< .0001	*6.2*	0.3	< .0001	*6.0*	0.4	< .0001	*6.0*	0.4	< .0001	3.2	0.3	< .0001
Diabetes	0.277	0.215	0.358	< .0001	− *0.122*	0.014	< .0001	− 2.8	0.6	< .0001	− *5.0*	0.6	< .0001	− 3.8	0.6	< .0001	2.5	0.6	< .0001	3.2	0.6	< .0001	*4.1*	0.6	< .0001	1.6	0.5	0.0005
Lowealth literacy	0.654	0.558	0.767	< .0001	− *0.104*	0.010	< .0001	− 3.5	0.3	< .0001	− 3.9	0.4	< .0001	− 3.7	0.4	< .0001	2.5	0.4	< .0001	2.4	0.4	< .0001	3.6	0.4	< .0001	0.9	0.3	0.0048
Education less than high school (reference: college)	0.248	0.177	0.349	< .0001	− *0.171*	0.020	< .0001	− *5.1*	0.7	< .0001	− *6.4*	0.8	< .0001	− *4.9*	0.8	< .0001	3.3	0.7	< .0001	3.5	0.7	< .0001	*5.8*	0.9	< .0001	2.0	0.6	0.0023
Education high school (reference: college)	0.445	0.365	0.541	0.2243	− *0.076*	0.011	< .0001	− 2.3	0.4	< .0001	− 3.6	0.4	< .0001	− 2.1	0.4	< .0001	1.3	0.4	0.0021	1.2	0.4	0.0047	2.9	0.4	< .0001	0.9	0.4	0.0145
Education some college (reference: college)	0.509	0.435	0.595	0.4756	− *0.084*	0.009	< .0001	− 2.3	0.3	< .0001	− 2.8	0.3	< .0001	− 2.5	0.3	< .0001	1.9	0.3	< .0001	2.1	0.3	< .0001	3.0	0.4	< .0001	1.8	0.3	< .0001
Nousual medical provider	1.257	1.034	1.529	0.0217	0.016	0.012	0.1619	0.3	0.4	0.5076	1.3	0.5	0.0058	0.4	0.4	0.3747	0.3	0.4	0.5067	− 0.9	0.4	0.0256	− 0.8	0.5	0.0751	− 0.5	0.4	0.1604
Low medical provider CAHPS scores	0.688	0.575	0.824	< .0001	− *0.078*	0.010	< .0001	− 3.1	0.4	< .0001	− 1.4	0.4	0.0006	− 2.7	0.4	< .0001	2.5	0.4	< .0001	1.9	0.4	< .0001	1.8	0.4	< .0001	1.6	0.3	< .0001
Difficulty getting to medical appointments	0.366	0.278	0.482	< .0001	− *0.213*	0.013	< .0001	− *6.5*	0.5	< .0001	− *7.7*	0.6	< .0001	− *7.6*	0.7	< .0001	*5.4*	0.5	< .0001	*5.6*	0.5	< .0001	*8.0*	0.6	< .0001	3.3	0.5	< .0001
Medical insurance—uninsured (reference: commercial)	0.6	0.468	0.769	0.5507	− *0.071*	0.015	< .0001	− 2.0	0.5	0.0002	− 2.2	0.6	0.0002	− 2.4	0.5	< .0001	1.6	0.6	0.0037	1.1	0.5	0.0428	2.5	0.5	< .0001	1.2	0.5	0.0095
Medical insurance—Medicare (reference: commercial)	0.518	0.42	0.641	0.0267	− *0.122*	0.013	< .0001	− 3.3	0.4	< .0001	− *5.4*	0.5	< .0001	− 3.5	0.5	< .0001	2.0	0.5	< .0001	2.8	0.4	< .0001	*4.3*	0.5	< .0001	1.3	0.4	0.0014
Medical insurance—Medicaid (reference: commercial)	0.412	0.31	0.547	0.0002	− *0.106*	0.017	< .0001	− 3.2	0.6	< .0001	− *4.5*	0.7	< .0001	− 3.5	0.7	< .0001	2.0	0.7	0.0017	1.9	0.7	0.0076	3.9	0.7	< .0001	2.4	0.5	< .0001
Medical insurance—other (reference: commercial)	0.831	0.577	1.198	0.0777	− 0.044	0.020	0.0266	− 1.7	0.7	0.0217	− 1.0	0.9	0.2615	− 1.1	0.8	0.1659	1.1	0.7	0.1399	0.8	0.7	0.2936	2.4	0.7	0.0004	− 0.3	0.7	0.7152
Difficulty paying medical deductibles	0.515	0.436	0.607	< .0001	− *0.087*	0.010	< .0001	− 2.6	0.3	< .0001	− 2.7	0.4	< .0001	− 2.9	0.4	< .0001	1.9	0.4	< .0001	2.3	0.4	< .0001	3.2	0.4	< .0001	2.3	0.3	< .0001
Difficulty paying medical copays	0.408	0.339	0.491	< .0001	− *0.132*	0.011	< .0001	− 3.7	0.4	< .0001	− *4.5*	0.4	< .0001	− *4.2*	0.4	< .0001	2.9	0.4	< .0001	3.1	0.4	< .0001	*4.9*	0.4	< .0001	3.1	0.3	< .0001
Difficulty paying monthly bills	0.384	0.329	0.448	< .0001	− *0.131*	0.009	< .0001	− 3.8	0.3	< .0001	− 3.8	0.4	< .0001	− *4.4*	0.3	< .0001	3.2	0.3	< .0001	3.5	0.3	< .0001	*4.3*	0.4	< .0001	3.3	0.3	< .0001
Experienced intimate partner violence in the last year	0.634	0.516	0.779	< .0001	− *0.145*	0.011	< .0001	− *4.2*	0.4	< .0001	− 3.6	0.5	< .0001	− *5.2*	0.5	< .0001	*4.3*	0.4	< .0001	*4.3*	0.4	< .0001	*5.3*	0.5	< .0001	2.4	0.4	< .0001
Food insecurity	0.279	0.232	0.336	< .0001	− *0.208*	0.010	< .0001	− *5.7*	0.4	< .0001	− *6.5*	0.4	< .0001	− *6.9*	0.4	< .0001	*5.1*	0.4	< .0001	*5.5*	0.4	< .0001	*7.0*	0.4	< .0001	*4.1*	0.3	< .0001
Social isolation	0.753	0.647	0.876	0.0002	− *0.056*	0.009	< .0001	− 1.6	0.3	< .0001	− 1.4	0.4	0.0002	− 2.1	0.4	< .0001	1.9	0.3	< .0001	1.9	0.3	< .0001	1.4	0.4	0.0002	1.7	0.3	< .0001
Stress	0.333	0.271	0.409	< .0001	− *0.241*	0.010	< .0001	− *5.9*	0.4	< .0001	− *5.4*	0.5	< .0001	− *8.3*	0.4	< .0001	*7.8*	0.4	< .0001	*7.7*	0.4	< .0001	*7.4*	0.5	< .0001	*5.8*	0.3	< .0001
Low social support	0.384	0.311	0.474	< .0001	− *0.136*	0.012	< .0001	− 3.7	0.4	< .0001	− 3.2	0.5	< .0001	− *4.7*	0.5	< .0001	*4.5*	0.5	< .0001	3.2	0.5	< .0001	3.9	0.5	< .0001	3.3	0.4	< .0001
Living without a partner	0.802	0.691	0.931	0.0038	− 0.034	0.009	0.0003	− 0.5	0.3	0.1085	− 1.4	0.4	0.0001	− 1.4	0.4	< .0001	1.1	0.3	0.0018	0.9	0.3	0.0056	0.9	0.4	0.0194	− 0.3	0.3	0.2795
Employment–self (reference: employed)	1.117	0.841	1.485	< .0001	− 0.004	0.016	0.788	− 1.1	0.6	0.0575	− 0.4	0.6	0.4348	− 0.2	0.6	0.6906	− 0.2	0.6	0.7506	0.0	0.6	0.9786	1.0	0.6	0.109	− 1.1	0.5	0.0373
Employment—looking for work (reference: employed)	0.656	0.454	0.947	0.4948	− *0.091*	0.022	< .0001	− 3.1	0.8	< .0001	− 2.4	0.9	0.0048	− *4.3*	0.9	< .0001	2.1	0.8	0.0115	1.0	0.8	0.2145	2.6	0.8	0.0016	1.1	0.7	0.1089
Employment—retired (reference: employed)	0.752	0.581	0.973	0.0295	− *0.058*	0.014	< .0001	− 1.7	0.5	0.0007	− *4.1*	0.6	< .0001	− 1.8	0.6	0.0015	− 0.2	0.5	0.7151	0.6	0.5	0.241	1.9	0.6	0.0008	− 1.0	0.5	0.0262
Employment—disabled (reference: employed)	0.1	0.073	0.137	< .0001	− *0.280*	0.015	< .0001	− *7.5*	0.6	< .0001	− *13.1*	0.6	< .0001	− *10.3*	0.6	< .0001	*4.7*	0.7	< .0001	*7.1*	0.6	< .0001	*10.4*	0.6	< .0001	3.0	0.5	< .0001
Employment—other (reference: employed)	0.749	0.561	1.001	0.0556	− 0.020	0.017	0.2501	− 1.2	0.6	0.0683	− 1.8	0.6	0.0039	− 1.0	0.7	0.148	0.6	0.6	0.3715	0.4	0.6	0.5247	0.4	0.7	0.6047	− 0.5	0.6	0.3749
Household income $60–100 k (reference: > 100 k)	0.666	0.536	0.827	< .0001	− 0.035	0.012	0.0035	− 1.0	0.4	0.0235	− 1.6	0.5	0.0006	− 1.5	0.5	0.0022	1.0	0.5	0.0251	0.9	0.4	0.0522	0.9	0.5	0.078	0.5	0.4	0.2694
Household income $40–60 k (reference: > 100 k)	0.578	0.457	0.731	0.0568	− *0.056*	0.013	< .0001	− 1.3	0.5	0.0039	− 3.0	0.5	< .0001	− 2.1	0.5	< .0001	1.3	0.5	0.0125	1.0	0.5	0.0462	1.0	0.5	0.0431	0.9	0.4	0.0309
Household income $20–40 k (reference: > 100 k)	0.382	0.304	0.48	0.0002	− *0.101*	0.013	< .0001	− 2.9	0.5	< .0001	− *4.5*	0.5	< .0001	− 3.2	0.5	< .0001	2.1	0.5	< .0001	2.1	0.5	< .0001	2.8	0.5	< .0001	1.2	0.4	0.0052
Household income < $20 k (reference: > 100 k)	0.213	0.163	0.277	< .0001	− *0.141*	0.016	< .0001	− 3.8	0.5	< .0001	− *6.4*	0.6	< .0001	− *4.4*	0.6	< .0001	3.1	0.6	< .0001	3.0	0.6	< .0001	*4.5*	0.6	< .0001	1.2	0.5	0.0194
No house ownership	0.646	0.547	0.762	< .0001	− *0.048*	0.010	< .0001	− 1.5	0.4	< .0001	− 2.0	0.4	< .0001	− 1.4	0.4	0.0002	1.0	0.4	0.0071	1.2	0.4	0.0023	1.1	0.4	0.0073	0.5	0.3	0.1225
Total statistically significant	30				37			27			36			34			25			27			32			20
Total significant that are > MID	N/A				36			9			21			20			10			12			18			3

Coefficients are italicized, if the p value is < 0.001. Coefficients are bolded, if they reach a minimally important difference
CI, confidence interval; Cog Func, cognitive function; Depr, depression; Fatig, fatigue; OR, odds ratio; Pain Interf, pain interference; Phys Func, physical function; PROPr, PROMIS-preference; Sleep Dist, sleep disturbance; Soc Roles, social roles; SRH, self-rated health

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