Table 4 Results from multiple linear regression analysis of change in HRQoL from baseline to 6-month follow-up (adjusted for value of each scale at baseline; β is the regression coefficient)
Scale | Global health status (QL2) | Physical function (PF2) | Role function (RF2) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β (95% CI) | P | β (95% CI) | P | β (95% CI) | P | |
Male sex | 0.54 (− 4.60, 5.68) | 0.836 | 2.84 (− 1.35, 7.04) | 0.183 | 1.33 (− 5.64, 8.30) | 0.707 |
Age (years) | 0.08 (− 0.20, 0.36) | 0.576 | 0.08 (− 0.15, 0.31) | 0.491 | 0.19 (− 0.20, 0.57) | 0.339 |
Smoker | − 6.24 (− 15.3, 2.77 | 0.174 | − 6.57 (− 13.8, 0.66) | 0.075 | − 18.0 (− 30.2, − 5.77) | 0.004 |
BMI (kg/m2) | − 0.34 (− 0.94, 0.26) | 0.261 | − 0.53 (− 1.02, − 0.05) | 0.032 | − 0.73 (− 1.55, 0.10) | 0.085 |
ASA 1–2 | 5.58 (− 0.27, 11.4) | 0.062 | 0.88 (− 4.08, 5.84) | 0.727 | 0.62 (− 7.35, 8.60) | 0.878 |
Emergency | 0.40 (− 7.85, 8.65) | 0.924 | − 0.35 (− 6.96, 6.25) | 0.917 | 8.20 (− 3.14, 19.5) | 0.156 |
TNM I–III | 1.61 (− 7.29, 10.5) | 0.722 | − 0.28 (− 7.53, 6.97) | 0.939 | 0.89 (− 11.5, 13.2) | 0.888 |
Stoma w/ resection | 6.37 (− 0.51, 13.3) | 0.069 | − 0.04 (− 5.46, 5.39) | 0.990 | 2.45 (− 6.74, 11.6) | 0.600 |
Stoma w/o resection | − 7.75 (− 30.49, 14.99) | 0.503 | 3.94 (− 13.96, 21.83) | 0.665 | − 9.48 (− 43.0, 24.1) | 0.578 |
Scale | Emotional function (EF) | Cognitive function (CF) | Social function (SF) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β (95% CI) | P | β (95% CI) | P | β (95% CI) | P | |
Male sex | 2.22 (− 2.74, 7.17) | 0.379 | 1.23 (− 3.64, 6.09) | 0.620 | − 1.44 (− 7.69, 4.82) | 0.651 |
Age (years) | 0.31 (0.03, 0.58) | 0.029 | 0.12 (− 0.15, 0.38) | 0.378 | 0.35 (0.001, 0.69) | 0.049 |
Smoker | − 9.05 (− 17.6, − 0.45) | 0.039 | − 7.30 (− 15.8, 1.18) | 0.091 | − 13.9 (− 24.9, − 2.93) | 0.013 |
BMI (kg/m2) | − 0.22 (− 0.79, 0.35) | 0.457 | − 0.57 (− 1.13, − 0.003) | 0.049 | − 0.45 (− 1.18, 0.28) | 0.228 |
ASA 1–2 | 4.37 (− 1.17, 9.91) | 0.122 | − 1.53 (− 7.01, 3.95) | 0.583 | 2.05 (− 5.02, 9.13) | 0.568 |
Emergency | − 3.77 (− 11.6, 4.02) | 0.342 | 1.02 (− 6.63, 8.66) | 0.794 | − 2.47 (− 12.5, 7.51) | 0.626 |
TNM I–III | − 3.85 (− 12.3, 4.65) | 0.373 | 1.64 (− 6.77, 10.04) | 0.702 | − 2.92 (− 13.8, 7.93) | 0.597 |
Stoma w/ resection | − 0.15 (− 6.71, 6.40) | 0.963 | − 3.63 (− 10.0, 2.75) | 0.264 | − 3.46 (− 11.8, 4.84) | 0.413 |
Stoma w/o resection | − 7.69 (− 29.07, 13.70) | 0.480 | − 19.6 (− 40.4, 1.27) | 0.066 | − 21.5 (− 51.7, 8.79) | 0.163 |
Scale | Fatigue (FA) | Nausea/vomiting (NV) | Pain (PA) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β (95% CI) | P | β (95% CI) | P | β (95% CI) | P | |
Male sex | − 2.01 (− 7.57, 3.56) | 0.478 | − 0.98 (− 4.26, 2.31) | 0.559 | − 5.24 (− 11.2, 0.76) | 0.087 |
Age (years) | − 0.30 (− 0.61, 0.00) | 0.052 | − 0.21 (− 0.39, − 0.03) | 0.024 | 0.16 (− 0.17, 0.49) | 0.348 |
Smoker | 10.8 (0.99, 20.7) | 0.031 | 7.47 (1.77, 13.2) | 0.010 | 10.4 (− 0.12, 20.93) | 0.053 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 0.23 (0.41, 0.88) | 0.478 | 0.52 (0.14, 0.90) | 0.007 | 0.80 (0.10, 1.50) | 0.025 |
ASA 1–2 | − 5.90 (− 12.2, 0.43) | 0.068 | − 0.16 (− 3.84, 3.52) | 0.932 | − 1.99 (− 8.77, 4.79) | 0.564 |
Emergency | − 9.61 (− 18.4, − 0.78) | 0.033 | 1.52 (− 3.69, 6.74) | 0.566 | − 8.02 (− 17.5, 1.45) | 0.097 |
TNM I–III | − 8.63 (− 18.3, 1.06) | 0.081 | − 1.72 (− 7.37, 3.94) | 0.551 | 7.64 (− 2.74, 18.01) | 0.148 |
Stoma w/ resection | − 0.25 (− 7.68, 7.17) | 0.947 | 0.57 (− 3.75, 4.89) | 0.795 | 0.04 (− 7.89, 7.98) | 0.992 |
Stoma w/o resection | − 1.01 (− 25.2, 23.2) | 0.935 | 22.5 (8.09, 39.9) | 0.002 | 36.6 (10.6, 62.6) | 0.006 |
Scale | Dyspnoea (DY) | Insomnia (SL) | Appetite loss (AP) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β (95% CI) | P | β (95% CI) | P | β (95% CI) | P | |
Male sex | 3.81 (− 2.05, 9.66) | 0.202 | − 12.3 (− 18.8, − 5.82) | < 0.001 | − 4.14 (− 10.1, 1.82) | 0.173 |
Age (years) | − 0.22 (− 0.54, 0.10) | 0.180 | − 0.25 (− 0.60, 0.11) | 0.172 | − 0.41 (− 0.73, − 0.08) | 0.014 |
Smoker | 1.64 (− 8.79, 12.1) | 0.757 | 9.16 (− 2.22, 20.5) | 0.114 | 5.35 (− 4.99, 15.70) | 0.309 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 0.63 (− 0.08, 1.33) | 0.080 | 0.64 (− 0.12, 1.39) | 0.099 | 0.23 (− 0.46, 0.91) | 0.519 |
ASA 1–2 | − 6.68 (− 13.6, 0.22) | 0.058 | − 1.63 (− 8.99, 5.74) | 0.664 | − 3.19 (− 9.88, 3.50) | 0.349 |
Emergency | 5.56 (− 3.78, 14.9) | 0.242 | − 3.58 (− 13.8, 6.69) | 0.493 | − 2.00 (− 11.4, 7.37) | 0.674 |
TNM I–III | − 5.43 (− 15.5, 4.68) | 0.291 | 4.78 (− 6.49, 16.05) | 0.404 | 6.22 (− 3.99, 16.4) | 0.231 |
Stoma w/ resection | − 5.22 (− 13.03, 2.58) | 0.189 | 0.262 (− 8.30, 8.83) | 0.952 | − 6.01 (− 13.9, 1.92) | 0.137 |
Stoma w/o resection | − 1.18 (− 26.2, 23.8) | 0.926 | − 9.11 (− 37.4, 19.1) | 0.526 | 15.4 (− 10.6, 41.3) | 0.246 |
Scale | Constipation (CO) | Diarrhoea (DI) | Financial difficulties (FI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β (95% CI) | P | β (95% CI) | P | β (95% CI) | P | |
Male sex | − 2.68 (− 7.53, 2.17) | 0.277 | − 4.40 (− 10.6, 1.81) | 0.164 | − 0.73 (− 5.30, 3.85) | 0.755 |
Age (years) | − 0.25 (− 0.51, 0.13) | 0.062 | − 0.49 (− 0.83, − 0.15) | 0.005 | − 0.15 (− 0.41, 0.10) | 0.233 |
Smoker | 1.99 (− 6.48, 10.5) | 0.643 | 14.2 (3.32, 25.1) | 0.011 | 8.57 (0.43, 16.7) | 0.039 |
BMI (kg/m2) | − 0.03 (− 0.59, 0.53) | 0.922 | 0.50 (− 0.22, 1.23) | 0.173 | 0.58 (0.05, 1.11) | 0.032 |
ASA 1–2 | − 5.31 (− 10.8, 0.18) | 0.058 | − 4.09 (− 11.1, 2.91) | 0.251 | 1.84 (− 3.32, 6.99) | 0.483 |
Emergency | − 1.07 (− 8.88, 6.74) | 0.788 | 0.10 (− 10.1, 10.3) | 0.985 | 1.31 (− 6.05, 8.67) | 0.727 |
TNM I–III | 2.98 (− 5.31, 11.3) | 0.480 | 3.33 (− 7.66, 14.3) | 0.551 | 0.21 (− 7.66, 8.08) | 0.958 |
Stoma w/ resection | − 8.38 (− 14.8, − 1.98) | 0.010 | 4.11 (− 4.19, 12.2) | 0.331 | − 0.31 (− 6.36, 5.73) | 0.919 |
Stoma w/o resection | 16.5 (− 4.01, 37.0) | 0.114 | − 18.5 (− 48.1, 11.1) | 0.220 | 20.6 (1.10, 40.0) | 0.038 |