Table 2 The Univariate analysis of specific quality of life and its four dimensions in T2DM patients

Sex

 Male

58.07 ± 14.29

24.67 ± 7.47

20.24 ± 5.13

7.33 ± 2.43

5.83 ± 1.95

61.83 ± 15.76

26.21 ± 8.13

21.58 ± 5.60

7.51 ± 2.48

6.52 ± 2.14

 Female

55.96 ± 17.12

24.38 ± 8.80

19.03 ± 6.49

6.17 ± 2.04

5.84 ± 2.11

61.15 ± 20.00

26.91 ± 10.05

20.86 ± 7.50

6.83 ± 2.26

6.55 ± 2.37

F value

1.233

0.329

1.92

2.409

− 0.044

0.245

− 0.496

0.710

1.798

− 0.058

P value

0.219

0.743

0.056

0.017

0.965

0.807

0.621

0.479

0.074

0.953

Age

  ≤ 20

47.50 ± 7.23

19.33 ± 4.37

17.50 ± 3.56

5.67 ± 1.37

5.00 ± 1.10

45.50 ± 2.12

18.00 ± 0.00

16.50 ± 2.12

5.00 ± 1.41

6.00 ± 1.41

 21–40

48.44 ± 11.43

18.99 ± 5.28

17.28 ± 4.62

7.13 ± 2.44

5.04 ± 1.47

46.94 ± 12.53

18.00 ± 4.72

16.55 ± 5.19

7.30 ± 2.69

5.09 ± 1.57

 41–60

57.34 ± 13.64

24.64 ± 6.95

19.85 ± 5.10

7.17 ± 2.23

5.68 ± 1.79

61.95 ± 14.69

26.78 ± 7.50

21.49 ± 5.52

7.31 ± 2.20

6.37 ± 1.89

  ≥ 61

64.35 ± 17.21

28.83 ± 8.63

21.74 ± 6.57

7.09 ± 2.41

6.70 ± 2.38

68.87 ± 17.78

30.63 ± 8.89

23.60 ± 6.57

7.22 ± 2.50

7.42 ± 2.44

F value

18.869

28.439

10.012

0.812

11.980

15.269

20.969

11.014

0.596

9.549

P value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.488

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.618

 < 0.001

Education background

 Primary school or below

67.71 ± 16.27

30.03 ± 8.53

23.06 ± 6.42

7.31 ± 2.19

7.31 ± 2.72

73.60 ± 14.31

32.72 ± 7.87

25.20 ± 5.94

7.20 ± 2.22

8.48 ± 2.28

 Junior high school

61.26 ± 18.05

27.11 ± 8.65

20.49 ± 6.83

7.51 ± 2.63

6.15 ± 2.24

66.49 ± 21.34

29.26 ± 9.89

22.49 ± 7.97

7.85 ± 2.92

6.90 ± 2.48

 Senior high school

55.14 ± 13.29

23.37 ± 7.04

19.28 ± 4.98

6.89 ± 2.26

5.60 ± 1.71

58.16 ± 14.80

24.73 ± 7.85

20.44 ± 5.43

6.99 ± 2.22

6.00 ± 1.88

 Bachelor degree or above

52.51 ± 12.72

21.56 ± 6.73

18.62 ± 4.62

7.10 ± 2.11

5.24 ± 1.50

51.68 ± 12.84

20.95 ± 6.46

17.91 ± 4.60

7.18 ± 2.30

5.64 ± 1.47

F value

11.252

13.988

5.900

1.402

10.416

9.626

10.835

6.698

1.126

11.157

P value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.001

0.242

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.340

 < 0.001

Marital status

 Unmarried

51.41 ± 12.94

20.06 ± 5.94

18.26 ± 5.14

7.59 ± 3.02

5.50 ± 1.90

53.73 ± 14.40

20.33 ± 7.01

19.67 ± 5.79

7.73 ± 2.79

6.00 ± 1.604

 Married

56.65 ± 14.71

24.34 ± 7.62

19.53 ± 5.37

7.05 ± 2.24

5.72 ± 1.93

60.40 ± 16.86

26.06 ± 8.51

20.73 ± 6.09

7.25 ± 2.38

6.37 ± 2.21

 Divorce or bereavement

68.22 ± 17.64

30.58 ± 8.74

23.50 ± 6.95

7.11 ± 2.24

7.03 ± 2.35

71.73 ± 18.58

32.12 ± 9.04

25.00 ± 7.11

6.96 ± 2.39

7.65 ± 2.37

F value

12.643

17.366

9.697

0.806

7.572

6.582

9.848

5.620

0.484

4.228

P value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.447

0.001

0.002

 < 0.001

0.004

0.617

0.016

Living conditions

 Live alone

62.94 ± 20.24

26.79 ± 10.47

21.75 ± 7.21

8.00 ± 3.16

6.40 ± 2.58

68.71 ± 21.82

29.84 ± 11.41

23.84 ± 7.76

7.90 ± 2.88

7.13 ± 2.72

 Live with spouse

56.19 ± 14.02

24.08 ± 7.16

19.36 ± 5.19

7.07 ± 2.20

5.68 ± 1.82

55.92 ± 15.22

25.24 ± 7.51

20.24 ± 5.63

7.25 ± 2.35

6.18 ± 2.05

 Live with children

61.83 ± 16.05

27.70 ± 8.26

21.50 ± 6.16

6.30 ± 1.39

6.33 ± 2.37

66.35 ± 18.78

29.65 ± 9.65

23.24 ± 7.02

6.06 ± 1.35

7.41 ± 2.24

 Other

55.09 ± 13.53

23.37 ± 7.20

19.10 ± 5.10

6.97 ± 2.11

5.65 ± 1.79

59.17 ± 15.95

25.04 ± 8.16

20.54 ± 5.89

7.23 ± 2.36

6.35 ± 2.05

F value

4.449

4.095

4.009

4.089

2.680

3.102

3.176

3.129

2.189

2.360

P value

0.004

0.007

0.008

0.007

0.047

0.028

0.026

0.027

0.091

0.073

Duration of diabetes

  ≤ 3

51.39 ± 12.70

20.71 ± 6.35

18.36 ± 4.94

7.11 ± 2.50

5.21 ± 1.54

50.48 ± 13.42

20.50 ± 6.61

17.81 ± 5.68

6.88 ± 2.50

5.29 ± 1.38

 4–5

56.80 ± 13.41

24.58 ± 6.76

19.50 ± 4.90

7.10 ± 2.30

5.62 ± 1.81

63.78 ± 15.05

26.78 ± 7.26

22.28 ± 5.06

7.89 ± 2.63

6.83 ± 2.07

 6–10

57.95 ± 14.92

25.42 ± 7.54

19.78 ± 5.97

6.97 ± 2.18

5.79 ± 1.96

62.97 ± 17.34

27.86 ± 8.65

21.83 ± 6.71

6.81 ± 1.95

6.47 ± 2.46

 ≥ 11

63.39 ± 16.77

28.02 ± 8.55

21.54 ± 6.08

7.21 ± 2.26

6.61 ± 2.30

66.85 ± 17.65

29.52 ± 9.09

22.85 ± 6.29

7.52 ± 2.48

7.23 ± 2.28

F value

12.575

18.584

6.235

0.157

10.160

9.111

10.388

6.310

1.469

7.585

P value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.925

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.225

 < 0.001

Monthly income per capita in family

  ≤ 3000

62.27 ± 17.20

26.82 ± 8.70

21.57 ± 6.33

7.43 ± 2.50

6.46 ± 2.44

67.42 ± 17.97

29.05 ± 9.08

23.45 ± 6.52

7.45 ± 2.45

7.47 ± 2.50

 3001–5000

57.54 ± 15.36

24.78 ± 7.98

19.80 ± 5.56

7.26 ± 2.33

5.70 ± 1.76

63.78 ± 17.57

28.11 ± 9.02

21.78 ± 6.55

7.48 ± 2.47

6.41 ± 1.81

  ≥ 5001

51.34 ± 10.21

21.74 ± 5.94

17.78 ± 4.06

6.61 ± 2.01

5.22 ± 1.33

50.17 ± 9.94

20.85 ± 5.54

17.45 ± 3.98

6.70 ± 2.26

5.17 ± 1.24

F value

17.337

13.775

15.138

4.223

13.112

17.311

15.530

14.934

1.677

18.704

P value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.015

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.190

 < 0.001

Frequency of weekly exercise

 No exercise

54.14 ± 13.87

22.55 ± 7.06

19.45 ± 5.11

6.59 ± 2.38

5.55 ± 2.23

57.52 ± 16.00

24.30 ± 7.99

20.13 ± 6.01

6.61 ± 2.39

6.48 ± 2.45

 1–2 times / week

59.70 ± 17.57

25.50 ± 9.08

20.67 ± 6.30

7.30 ± 2.46

6.22 ± 2.13

64.75 ± 20.15

27.94 ± 10.13

22.57 ± 7.12

7.32 ± 2.70

6.92 ± 2.33

 3–5 times / week

59.86 ± 16.28

25.81 ± 8.13

20.75 ± 6.02

7.06 ± 2.45

6.23 ± 2.04

66.00 ± 18.76

29.09 ± 9.46

22.91 ± 6.75

6.84 ± 2.36

7.16 ± 2.30

  Exercise every day

52.97 ± 12.60

23.77 ± 6.87

18.68 ± 4.85

7.15 ± 2.09

5.37 ± 1.68

57.86 ± 13.67

24.61 ± 7.24

19.75 ± 5.29

7.64 ± 2.13

5.86 ± 1.86

F value

3.203

2.481

3.312

1.018

5.044

2.635

2.802

2.868

1.396

3.280

P value

0.023

0.061

0.020

0.385

0.002

0.052

0.042

0.038

0.246

0.022

Frequency of hypoglycemia

 1–2 times/6 months

55.24 ± 14.83

23.39 ± 7.61

19.07 ± 5.58

7.04 ± 2.40

5.73 ± 1.62

 3–6 times/6 months

68.41 ± 17.60

30.30 ± 9.07

23.62 ± 6.14

7.22 ± 2.39

7.27 ± 2.63

 More than 6 times/6 months

69.12 ± 17.82

29.76 ± 9.10

24.05 ± 6.64

7.71 ± 2.44

7.61 ± 2.36

F value

14.492

13.177

13.337

1.064

14.629

P value

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

0.348

 < 0.001