| Level of independence | Environment | Spiritual/religion/personal beliefs | Overall perception of QoL | Overall perception of health | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bivariate | Multivariate | Bivariate | Multivariate | Bivariate | Multivariate | Bivariate | Multivariate | Bivariate | Multivariate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
RR, (95% CI) | p | RR (95% CI) | p | RR (95% CI) | p | RR (95% CI) | p | RR (95% CI) | p | RR (95% CI) | p | RR (95% CI) | p | RR (95% CI) | p | RR (95% CI) | p | RR (95% CI) | p | ||||||||||||||
Male gender | 2.56 (0.91–7.22) | 0.050 | 4.01 (1.09–14.74) | 0.037 | 0.86 (0.57–1.29) | 0.677 |  |  | 1.12 (0.52–2.40) | 0.992 |  |  | 1.49 (0.52–4.28) | 0.559 |  |  | 1.36 (0.57–3.30) | 0.654 |  |  | |||||||||||||
Age ≤ 40 year | 1.02 (0.69–1.52) | 1.000 |  |  | 1.09 (0.78–1.53) | 0.735 |  |  | 1.50 (0.85–2.63) | 0.203 | 1.88 (0.83–4.26) | 0.130 | 0.84 (0.48–1.48) | 0.702 |  |  | 0.93 (0.57–1.52) | 0.918 |  |  | |||||||||||||
University education | 0.84 (0.58–1.23) | 0.462 |  |  | 0.96 (0.71–1.29) | 0.901 |  |  | 0.84 (0.53–1.34) | 0.581 |  |  | 0.71 (0.40–1.25) | 0.306 |  |  | 1.07 (0.67–1.70) | 0.911 |  |  | |||||||||||||
Married versus not married | 1.50 (0.69–3.26) | 0.407 |  |  | 0.83 (0.39–1.79) | 0.334 |  |  | 1.06 (0.47–2.42) | 0.496 |  |  | 0.97 (0.42–2.25) | 0.604 |  |  | 1.05 (0.47–2.35) | 0.529 |  |  | |||||||||||||
Married versus Widow/divorce | 1.71 (0.65–4.50) | 0.407 |  |  | 0.48 (0.18–1.29) | 0.334 |  |  | 0.59 (0.23–1.53) | 0.496 |  |  | 1.77 (0.54–5.77) | 0.604 |  |  | 1.86 (0.62–5.53) | 0.529 |  |  | |||||||||||||
Regular worker versus non-regular | 0.57 (0.28–1.17) | 0.127 | 0.62 (0.29–1.31) | 0.215 | 1.25 (0.62–2.55) | 0.735 |  |  | 1.13 (0.54–2.34) | 0.933 |  |  | 1.46 (0.66–3.22) | 0.383 |  |  | 1.90 (0.89–4.08) | 0.249 | 1.99 (0.89–4.44) | 0.094 | |||||||||||||
Regular worker versus not working | 1.45 (0.52–4.06) | 0.127 | 0.77 (0.23–2.56) | 0.663 | 0.90 (0.33–2.41) | 0.735 |  |  | 0.96 (0.35–2.65) | 0.933 |  |  | 2.14 (0.64–7.17) | 0.383 |  |  | 1.45 (0.52–4.06) | 0.249 | 1.20 (0.41–3.58) | 0.738 | |||||||||||||
CD4 > 500 versus 350–500 | 1.47 (0.57–3.82) | 0.636 |  |  | 0.71 (0.28–1.81) | 0.772 |  |  | 1.04 (0.39–2.79) | 0.944 |  |  | 0.65 (0.24–1.80) | 0.787 |  |  | 0.75 (0.28–1.99) | 0.882 |  |  | |||||||||||||
CD4 > 500 versus < 350 | 0.79 (0.37–1.72) | 0.636 |  |  | 0.77 (0.35–1.67) | 0.772 |  |  | 0.82 (0.37–1.85) | 0.944 |  |  | 0.71 (0.30–1.69) | 0.787 |  |  | 0.79 (0.35–1.80) | 0.882 |  |  | |||||||||||||
HCV-RNA > 800,000 IU/mL | 1.02 (0.66–1.57) | 1.000 |  |  | 1.04 (0.73–1.49) | 0.992 |  |  | 0.87 (0.53–1.44) | 0.749 |  |  | 0.55 (0.32–0.93) | 0.054 | 0.42 (0.18–0.94) | 0.035 | 0.67 (0.42–1.08) | 0.177 | 0.59 (0.25–1.38) | 0.225 | |||||||||||||
Interferon failure | 1.03 (0.56–1.91) | 1.000 |  |  | 0.54 (0.24–1.24) | 0.132 | 0.34 (0.10–1.15) | 0.083 | 0.42 (0.12–1.54) | 0.220 | 0.36 (0.07–1.80) | 0.215 | 1.16 (0.49–2.75) | 0.748 |  |  | 0.92 (0.39–2.16) | 1,000 |  |  | |||||||||||||
Achieving SVR12 | 1.60 (0.49–5.23) | 0.460 |  |  | 1.29 (0.54–3.06) | 0.702 |  |  | 0.58 (0.29–1.16) | 0.234 | 0.27 (0.05–1.45) | 0.130 | 1.93 (0.31–12.07) | 0.675 |  |  | 1.17 (0.35–3.85) | 1,000 |  |  | |||||||||||||
Non-smoker | 0.92 (0.64–1.33) | 0.796 |  |  | 0.81 (0.60–1.09) | 0.214 | 0.65 (0.33–1.26) | 0.197 | 0.62 (0.39–0.99) | 0.234 | 0.46 (0.23–0.95) | 0.035 | 1.18 (0.69–2.03) | 0.671 |  |  | 0.46 (0.28–0.77) | 0.003 | 0.32 (0.15–0.66) | 0.002 | |||||||||||||
BMI normal versus underweight | 0.71 (0.27–1.91) | 0.001 | 0.75 (0.28–2.03) | 0.572 | 0.63 (0.23–1.72) | 0.554 |  |  | 0.70 (0.26–1.90) | 0.685 |  |  | 0.60 (0.22–1.64) | 0.108 | 0.56 (0.20–1.57) | 0.274 | 0.70 (0.26–1.90) | 0.778 |  |  | |||||||||||||
BMI normal versus overweight/obese | 4.99 (1.88–13.19) | 0.001 | 4.80 (1.79–12.81) | 0.002 | 1.17 (0.53–2.57) | 0.554 |  |  | 0.76 (0.33–1.72) | 0.685 |  |  | 2.32 (0.81–6.65) | 0.108 | 2.37 (0.81- 6.90 | 0.114 | 0.98 (0.42–2.27) | 0.778 |  |  | |||||||||||||
Non-IVDU | 0.67 (0.32–1.42) | 0.373 |  |  | 0.91 (0.54–1.52) | 0.908 |  |  | 0.70 (0.29–1.69) | 0.571 |  |  | 0.92 (0.38–2.25) | 1,000 |  |  | 0.94 (0.44–2.02) | 1,000 |  |  | |||||||||||||
Fibrosis stage F0–F1 versus F2–F3 | 1.09 (0.47–2.51) | 0.982 |  |  | 1.01 (0.44–2.34) | 0.506 |  |  | 0.69 (0.29–1.62) | 0.631 |  |  | 1.06 (0.40–2.83) | 0.323 |  |  | 1.67 (0.64–4.35) | 0.332 |  |  | |||||||||||||
Fibrosis stage F0–F1 versus F4 | 1.02 (0.44–2.38) | 0.982 |  |  | 1.63 (0.70–3.80) | 0.506 |  |  | 0.75 (0.31–1.80) | 0.631 |  |  | 0.53 (0.22–1.30) | 0.323 |  |  | 0.72 (0.30–1.71) | 0.332 |  |  | |||||||||||||
Non-anemia | 1.30 (0.74–2.26) | 0.451 |  |  | 1.29 (0.81–2.06) | 0.349 |  |  | 0.95 (0.53–1.69) | 1.000 |  |  | 1.15 (0.54–2.44) | 0.912 |  |  | 1.22 (0.62–2.40) | 0.717 |  |  | |||||||||||||
NNRTI-based versus PI-based ART | 1.07 (0.61–1.88) | 0.993 |  |  | 1.34 (0.77–2.32) | 0.360 |  |  | 3.62 (0.96–13.68) | 0.036 | 5.23 (1.16–23.65) | 0.032 | 1.81 (0.62–5.30) | 0.371 |  |  | 2.26 (0.78–6.56) | 0.145 | 3.26 (0.87–12.18) | 0.078 |