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Table 4 Multiple linear regression analysis of 4 modelsa of demographic and illness perceptions by SF-36 HRQoL dimensionsb

From: Effects of illness perceptions on health-related quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in China

 

PF

RP

BP

GH

VT

SF

RE

MH

Total SF-36

Model 1

R2

0.203

0.049

0.142

0.068

0.156

0.101

0. 035

0.108

0.171

Age

− 0.369; < 0.001;

[− 1.104 to − 0.525]

–

− 0.149; 0.032;

[− 0.565 to − 0.031]

− 0.158; 0.029;

[− 0.461 to − 0.030]

− 0.225; 0.001;

[− 0.597 to − 0.125]

− 0.185; 0.009;

[− 0.781 to − 0.111]

− 0. 187; 0.009;

[− 1.001 to − 0.143]

–

− 0.237; 0.001;

[− 5.016 to − 1.393]

Education c

         

Senior middle school

–

–

–

–

0.183; 0.007;

[3.483 to 18.494]

–

–

0.198; 0.005;

[3.414 to 18.571]

0.159; 0.019;

[11.541 to 127.202]

College

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Occupation d

         

Blue collar

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

White collar

0.196;0.004;

[3.87 to 19.599]

0.222; 0.002;

[6.132 to 27.037]

0.318; < 0.001;

[8.738 to 23.374]

0.178; 0.014;

[0.653 to 12.464]

0.258; < 0.001;

[6.313 to 19.104]

0.225; 0.002;

[5.578 to 23.749]

–

0.285; < 0.001;

[6.890 to 19.604]

0.281; < 0.001;

[53.764 to 152.4]

Model 2

R2

0.646

0.270

0.700

0.317

0.437

0.524

0.210

0.284

0.650

Age

− 0.143; 0.003;

[− 0.522 to − 0.112]

–

− 0.113; 0.010;

[0.054 to 0.393]

–

–

–

–

–

–

Education c

         

Senior middle school

0.105; 0.017;

[1.330 to 13.648]

–

–

–

0.159; 0.004;

[2.869 to 15.058]

0.111; 0.029;

[0.917 to 16.375]

–

0.198; 0.002;

[4.182 to 18.795]

0.136; 0.002;

[22.304 to 96.643]

College

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Occupation d

         

Blue collar

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

White collar

–

–

0.099; 0.021;

[0.811 to 9.872]

–

–

–

–

0.146; 0.027;

[0.801 to 12.817]

–

DAS28

− 0.738; < 0.001;

[− 18.498 to − 14.381]

− 0.520; < 0.001;

[− 18.823 to − 11.017]

− 0.822; < 0.001;

[− 18.175 to − 14.642]

− 0.563; < 0.001;

[− 10.541 to − 6.872]

− 0.647; < 0.001;

[− 13.274 to − 9.475]

− 0.720; < 0.001;

[− 18.154 to − 10.259]

− 0.459; < 0.001;

[− 19.864 to − 15.047]

− 0.442; < 0.001;

[− 9.857 to − 5.419]

− 0. 800; < 0.001;

[− 120.414 to − 97.248]

Model 3

R2

0.670

0.305

0.722

0.425

0.499

0.573

0.266

0.314

0. 728

Age

− 0.132; 0.004;

[− 0.491 to − 0.094]

–

0.126; 0.003;

[0.086 to 0.413]

–

–

–

–

–

–

Education c

         

Senior middle school

0.103; 0.016;

[1.410 to 13.327]

–

–

0.112; 0.046;

[0.111 to 10.981]

0.157; 0.003;

[3.116–14.642]

0.110; 0.023;

[1.196 to 15.889]

–

0.182; 0.003;

[3.466 to 16.715]

0.135; 0.001;

[25.888 to 91.587]

College

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Occupation d

         

Blue collar

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

White collar

–

–

0.086; 0.038;

[0.267 to − 9.002]

–

–

–

–

–

–

DAS28

− 0.630; < 0.001;

[− 16.399 to − 11.670]

− 0.386; < 0.001;

[− 14.810 to − 6.631]

− 0.714; < 0.001;

[− 16.227 to − 12.289]

− 0.347; < 0.001;

[− 7.447 to − 3.287]

− 0.469; < 0.001;

[− 10.447 to − 6.036]

− 0.563; < 0.001;

[− 16.446 to − 10.843]

− 0.291; < 0.001

[− 13.914 to − 4.597]

− 0.330; < 0.001;

[− 8.228 to − 3.157]

− 0.600; < 0.001;

[− 94.286 to − 69.142]

Overall BIPQ

− 0.193; < 0.001;

[− 0.785 to − 0.241]

− 0.230; 0.002;

[− 1.250 to − 0.273]

− 0.215; < 0.001;

[− 0.739 to − 0.287]

− 0.379; < 0.001;

[− 0.948 to − 0.451]

− 0.307; < 0.001;

[− 0.908 to − 0.381]

− 0.270; < 0.001;

[− 1.118 to − 0.446]

− 0.290; < 0.001;

[− 1.722 to − 0.597]

− 0.272; < 0.001;

[− 0.864 to − 0.259]

− 0.343; < 0.001;

[− 7.080 to − 4.077]

Model 4

R2

0.673

0.298

0.718

0.434

0.518

0.578

0.269

0.378

0. 740

Age

− 0.145; 0.002;

[− 0.541 to − 0.147]

–

0.129; 0.003;

[0.090 to 0.421]

–

–

–

–

–

–

Education c

         

Senior middle school

0.105; 0.014;

[1.643 to 13.420]

–

–

0.113; 0.042;

[0.218 to 11.024]

0.158; 0.002;

[3.222 to 14.594]

0.111; 0.021;

[1.312 to 15.947]

–

0.168; 0.004;

[2.954 to 15.707]

0.139; < 0.001;

[28.238 to 93.028]

College

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Occupation d

         

Blue collar

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

White collar

–

–

0.091; 0.030;

[0.480 to 9.293]

–

–

–

–

–

–

DAS28

− 0.699; < 0.001;

[− 16.748 to − 12.129]

− 0.415; < 0.001;

[− 15.455 to − 7.571]

− 0.742; < 0.001;

[− 16.743 to − 12.895]

− 0.397; < 0.001;

[− 8.103 to − 4.158]

− 0.460; < 0.001;

[− 10.256 to − 5.935]

− 0.589; < 0.001;

[− 16.971 to − 11.627]

− 0.341; < 0.001;

[− 14.983 to − 6.082]

− 0.274; < 0.001;

[− 7.086 to − 2.415]

− 0.610; < 0.001;

[− 95.423 to − 70.438]

BIPQ–1 Consequences

–

–

–

–

− 0.135; 0.032;

[− 1.989 to − 0.087]

–

–

–

–

BIPQ–3 Personal control

0.169; < 0.001;

[0.780 to 2.781]

–

0.086; 0.038;

[0.052 to 1.746]

0.225; < 0.001;

[0.910 to 2.751]

0.134; 0.014;

[0.263 to 2.214]

0.138; 0.006;

[0.515 to 3.008]

–

–

0.119; 0.004;

[2.857 to 14.194]

BIPQ–4 Treatment control

–

–

–

–

–

–

0.139; 0.027;

[0.273 to 4.644]

–

0.084; 0.029;

[0.640 to 12.391]

BIPQ–5 Identity

–

− 0.198; 0.007;

[− 4.557 to − 0.751]

− 0.146; 0.002;

[− 2.308 to − 0.508]

–

–

–

–

–

− 0.105; 0.034;

[− 13.159 to − 0.430]

BIPQ–7 Coherence

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

0.127; 0.033;

[0.079 to 2.134]

–

BIPQ–8 Emotional response

–

–

–

− 0.232; < 0.001;

[− 2.488 to − 0.717]

− 0.180; 0.006;

[− 2.387 to − 0.405]

− 0.193; 0.001;

[− 3.276 to − 0.877]

− 0.224; 0.002;

[− 5.061 to − 1.106]

− 0.390; < 0.001;

[− 4.010 to − 1.940]

− 0.207; < 0.001;

[− 18.334 to − 6.811]

  1. SF-36 abbreviations: BP, bodily pain; GH, general health; MH, mental health; PF, physical function; RE, role limitations due to emotional problems; RP, role limitations related to physical problems; SF, social functioning
  2. aThe SF-36 dimensions reflecting HRQoL were treated as dependent variables
  3. The selection of independent variables for multiple regression analyses was based on these analyses (Tables 2 and 3). Model 1, demographic variables (gender, age, education, type of residence, family income, employment)
  4. Model 2, Model 1 + clinical characteristic variables (disease duration, DAS28); Model 3, Model 2 + overall BIPQ; Model 4, Model 2 + the 8 BIPQ domains without the overall BIPQ
  5. bReported as: β; P, 95% CI, unless indicated otherwise
  6. Dummy Variables: c Reference as junior middle school; d Reference as unemployed